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Several authors, most notably Heckler, have claimed that the observable Hawking emission from a microscopic black hole is significantly modified by the formation of a photosphere around the black hole due to QED or QCD interactions between…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Jane H. MacGibbon , B. J. Carr , Don N. Page

We show that once a black hole surpasses some critical temperature $T_{crit}$, the emitted Hawking radiation interacts with itself and forms a nearly thermal photosphere. Using QED, we show that the dominant interactions are bremsstrahlung…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-28 Andrew F. Heckler

Heckler has recently argued that the Hawking radiation emitted from microscopic black holes has sufficiently strong interactions above a certain critical temperature that it forms a photosphere, analogous to that of the sun. In this case,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-08-25 James M. Cline , Michael Mostoslavsky , Geraldine Servant

In models with ``large'' and/or warped extra dimensions, the higher-dimensional Planck scale may be as low as a TeV. In that case black holes with masses of a few TeV are expected to be produced copiously in multi-TeV collisions, in…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-11 Christian Alig , Manuel Drees , Kin-ya Oda

We discuss a variety of bremsstrahlung processes associated with charged particles emitted by evaporating black holes. We show that such particles produce a negligible number of bremsstrahlung photons from their scattering off each other,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Don N. Page , B. J. Carr , Jane H. MacGibbon

In models with large extra dimensions, black holes may be produced in high-energy particle collisions. We revisit the physics of black hole formation in extensive airshowers from ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays, focusing on collisional QCD and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Marco Cavaglia , Arunava Roy

If the scale of quantum gravity is near a TeV, black holes will be copiously produced at the LHC. In this work we study the main properties of the light descendants of these black holes. We show that the emitted partons are closely spaced…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Luis Anchordoqui , Haim Goldberg

Emission of particles created in the background of a rotating black hole can be greatly amplified taking away rotational energy of a black hole. This amplification affects both particles created near the horizon (due to the Hawing effect),…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-18 De-Chang Dai , Dejan Stojkovic

About twenty years ago Hawking made the remarkable suggestion that the black hole evaporation process will inevitably lead to a fundamental loss of quantum coherence. The mechanism by which the quantum radiation is emitted appears to be…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2016-09-06 Erik Verlinde

A distinct visual signature occurs in black holes that are surrounded by optically thin and geometrically thick emission regions. This signature is a sharp-edged dip in brightness that is coincident with the black-hole shadow, which is the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-11-03 Thomas Bronzwaer , Heino Falcke

Black hole thermodynamics is a crucial and foundational aspect of black hole physics, yet its observational verification remains exceptionally challenging. The photon sphere of a black hole, a manifestation of strong gravitational effects,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-29 Si-Jiang Yang , Shan-Ping Wu , Shao-Wen Wei , Yu-Xiao Liu

We present the shape of the black hole shadow on the standard background screen as it is registered by the distant observer. The screen is an infinite plane, emitting the quanta uniformly distributed to a hemisphere. The source of emission…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-02-14 Serge V. Repin , Dmitry A. Kompaneets , Igor D. Novikov , Valeriya A. Mityagina

In these two lectures, we will address the topic of the creation of small black holes during particle collisions in a ground-based accelerator, such as LHC, in the context of a higher-dimensional theory. We will cover the main assumptions,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-02-16 Panagiota Kanti

This paper argues that the effect of Hawking radiation on an astrophysical black hole situated in a realistic cosmological context is not total evaporation of the black hole; rather there will always be a remnant mass. The key point is that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-10-22 George F R Ellis

In the standard methodology for evaluating the Hawking radiation emanating from a black hole, the background geometry is fixed. Trying to be more realistic we consider a dynamical geometry for a two-dimensional charged black hole and we…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Elias C. Vagenas

The astrophysical consequences of the presence of a quintessence scalar field on the evolution of the horizon and on the accretion disk surrounding a static black hole, in the Scalar-Vector-Tensor version of Modified Gravity (MOG), are…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-09-15 Haidar Sheikhahmadi , Saheb Soroushfar , S. N. Sajadi , Tiberiu Harko

Photon spheres play a pivotal role in the imaging of luminous objects near black holes. In this paper, we examine observational appearances of a star freely falling in hairy black holes, which can possess one or two photon spheres outside…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-07-07 Yiqian Chen , Guangzhou Guo , Peng Wang , Houwen Wu , Haitang Yang

Simulated images of a black hole surrounded by optically thin emission typically display two main features: a central brightness depression and a narrow, bright "photon ring" consisting of strongly lensed images superposed on top of the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-08 Andrew Chael , Michael D. Johnson , Alexandru Lupsasca

Primordial micro black holes can constitute dark matter if short-distance gravity is modified by extra dimensions or a large number of species and if the memory-burden effect sufficiently suppresses Hawking evaporation. The resulting black…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-18 Manuel Ettengruber , Florian Kühnel

Black holes are thermal objects. They can form thermodynamic phases and exhibit phase transitions. Furthermore, black holes can also radiate, termed as Hawking radiation. However, the signatures of these behaviors are challenging to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-10-28 Tianqi Yue , Jin Wang
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