Related papers: Measuring nanomechanical motion with an imprecisio…
Engineering a sensor system for detecting an extremely tiny signal such as the gravitational-wave force is a very important subject in quantum physics. A major obstacle to this goal is that, in a simple detection setup, the measurement…
We determine the theoretical limits to squeezing-enhanced measurement sensitivity of mechanical motion in a cavity optomechanical system. The motion of a mechanical resonator is transduced onto quadrature fluctuations of a cavity optical…
Quantum sensors based on solid-state defects, in particular nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, enable precise measurement of magnetic fields, temperature, rotation, and electric fields. However, the sensitivity of leading NV spin…
To measure the standard quantum limit (SQL) a high quality transducer must be coupled to a high quality mechanical system. Due to its monolithic nature, the monolithic sapphire transducer (MST) has high quality factors for both types of…
The optical lever is a precision displacement sensor with broad applications. In principle, it can track the motion of a mechanical oscillator with added noise at the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL); however, demonstrating this performance…
Optomechanical transduction is demonstrated for nanoscale torsional resonators evanescently coupled to optical microdisk whispering gallery mode resonators. The on-chip, integrated devices are measured using a fully fiber-based system,…
During the theoretical investigation of the ultimate sensitivity of gravitational wave detectors through the 1970's and '80's, it was debated whether quantum fluctuations of the light field used for detection, also known as photon shot…
Optomechanical systems have been exploited in ultrasensitive measurements of force, acceleration, and magnetic fields. The fundamental limits for optomechanical sensing have been extensively studied and now well understood -- the intrinsic…
The back-action damping of mechanical motion by electromagnetic radiation is typically overwhelmed by internal loss channels unless demanding experimental ingredients such as superconducting resonators, high-quality optical cavities, or…
There exists the standard quantum limit (SQL), derived from Heisenberg's uncertainty relation, in the sensitivity of laser interferometer gravitational-wave detectors. However, in the context of a full quantum-mechanical approach, SQL can…
Absorption measurement is an exceptionally versatile tool for many applications in science and engineering. For absorption measurements using laser beams of light, the sensitivity is theoretically limited by the shot noise due to the…
Manipulating the motions of macroscopic objects near their quantum mechanical uncertainties has been desired in diverse fields, including fundamental physics, sensing, and transducers. Despite significant progresses in ground-state cooling…
In quantum metrology, entanglement represents a valuable resource that can be used to overcome the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL) that bounds the precision of sensors that operate with independent particles. Measurements beyond the SQL are…
We develop a theory of optomechanical cooling with a squeezed input light field. We show that Stokes heating transitions can be \emph{fully} suppressed when the driving field is squeezed below the vacuum noise level at an appropriately…
A key advantage of quantum metrology is the ability to surpass the standard quantum limit~(SQL) for measurement precision through the use of non-classical states. However, there is typically little to no improvement in precision with the…
An increasing number of experiments require the use of ultrasensitive nanomechanical resonators. Relevant examples are the investigation of quantum effects in mechanical systems [1] or the detection of exceedingly small forces as in…
Photo-induced forces can be used to manipulate and cool the mechanical motion of oscillators. When the oscillator is used as a force sensor, such as in atomic force microscopy, active feedback is an enticing route to enhancing measurement…
The observation of quantum phenomena in macroscopic mechanical oscillators has been a subject of interest since the inception of quantum mechanics. Prerequisite to this regime are both preparation of the mechanical oscillator at low phonon…
Squeezed light enables measurements with sensitivity beyond the quantum noise limit (QNL) for optical techniques such as spectroscopy, gravitational wave detection, magnetometry and imaging. Precision of a measurement -- as quantified by…
We study a parametrically-driven nanomechanical resonator capacitively coupled to a microwave cavity. If the nanoresonator can be cooled to near its quantum ground state then quantum squeezing of a quadrature of the nanoresonator motion…