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A quantum Schwarzschild black hole is described, at the mini super spacetime level, by a non-singular wave packet composed of plane wave eigenstates of the momentum Dirac-conjugate to the mass operator. The entropy of the mass spectrum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-08-11 Aharon Davidson , Ben Yellin

To derive black hole thermodynamics in any quantum theory of gravity, one must introduce constraints that ensure that a black hole is actually present. For a large class of black holes, the imposition of such ``horizon constraints'' allows…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-13 S. Carlip

The Bekenstein-Hawking entropy satisfies the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics for arbitrary thermodynamic evolution within Einstein-Maxwell theory. In contrast, the black hole entropy that satisfies the second law in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-04-16 Xin-Yang Wang , Jie Jiang

Black hole evaporation is investigated in a (1+1)-dimensional model of quantum gravity. Quantum corrections to the black hole entropy are computed, and the fine-grained entropy of the Hawking radiation is studied. A generalized second law…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-09-25 Thomas M. Fiola , John Preskill , Andrew Strominger , Sandip P. Trivedi

We argue that a unitary description of the formation and evaporation of a black hole implies that the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is the "entropy of a vacuum": the logarithm of the number of possible independent ways in which quantum field…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-11 Yasunori Nomura , Sean J. Weinberg

We argue that the statistical entropy relevant for the thermal interactions of a black hole with its surroundings is (the logarithm of) the number of quantum microstates of the hole which are distinguishable from the hole's exterior, and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Carlo Rovelli

We give a method in which a quantum of mass equal to twice the Planck mass arises naturally. Then using Bose-Einstein statistics we derive an expression for the black hole entropy which physically tends to the Bekenstein-Hawking formula.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 B. Ram

In this paper, we successfully derive the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for Schwarzschild black holes in various dimensions by using a non-trivial phase space. It is appealing to notice that the thermodynamics of a Schwarzschild black hole…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-05-05 Yong Xiao

A black hole can be regarded as a thermodynamic system described by a grand canonical ensemble. In this paper, we study the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of higher-dimensional rotating black holes using the Euclidean path-integral method of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Zheng Ze Ma

We present a robust mechanism where the geometrical free-gravitational entropy of an isolated astrophysical radiating star undergoing continual gravitational collapse, as measured by an external observer, makes a smooth transition to the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-07-23 Sarbari Guha , Shamima Khan , Rituparno Goswami

We propose a quantum version of a gedanken experiment which supports the generalized second law of black hole thermodynamics. A quantum measurement of particles in the region outside of the event horizon decreases the entropy of the outside…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-31 A. Hosoya , A. Carlini , T. Shimomura

It was found in [Phys.Lett.B 675 (2009) 98] that information is conserved in the process of black hole evaporation, by using the tunneling formulism and considering the correlations between emitted particles. In this Letter, we shall…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2014-11-18 Yi-Xin Chen , Kai-Nan Shao

We discuss the most interesting approaches to derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy formula from a statistical theory.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 V. O. Soloviev

We aim to quantify the distribution of information in the Hawking radiation and inside the black hole in the semiclassical evaporation process. The structure quantum field theory forces to consider a shared information between two different…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-05-29 H. Casini

Recently, exotic black holes whose masses and angular momenta are interchanged have been found, and it is known that their entropies depend only on the $inner$ horizon areas. But a basic problem of these entropies is that the second law of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Mu-In Park

In gr-qc/9908036 [Phys. Lett. A 265 (2000) 1] a new method was given which naturally led to a quantum of mass equal to twice the Planck mass. In the present note which, for convenience, we write formally as a continuation of that paper, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 B. Ram

In this note we consider a stringy description of black hole horizon. We start with a nonlinear sigma model defined on a two dimensional Euclidean surface with background Rindler metric. By solving the field equations, we show that to the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-28 Ichiro Oda

I review some recent work in which the quantum states of string theory which are associated with certain black holes have been identified and counted. For large black holes, the number of states turns out to be precisely the exponential of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-01-27 Gary Horowitz

Using the quasilocal properties alone we show that the area spectrum of a black hole horizon must be discrete, independent of any specific quantum theory of gravity. The area spectrum is found to be half-integer spaced with values $8\pi…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-31 Ayan Chatterjee , Amit Ghosh

We review the renormalization of one-loop effective action for gravity coupled to a scalar field and that of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of a black hole plus the statistical entropy of the scalar field. It is found that the total entropy…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Sang Pyo Kim , Sung Ku Kim , Kwang-Sup Soh , Jae Hyung Yee