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Recent surveys have discovered hundreds of low surface brightness galaxies in the local (z < 0.1) Universe. Plots of the surface brightness distribution (the space density of galaxies plotted against central surface brightness) show a flat…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 K. O'Neil

We use the NIHAO galaxy formation simulations to make predictions for the baryonic budget in present day galaxies ranging from dwarf to Milky Way masses. The sample is made of 88 independent high resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-18 Liang Wang , Aaron A. Dutton , Gregory S. Stinson , Andrea V. Macciò , Thales Gutcke , Xi Kang

The properties of galaxies are intricately linked to the characteristics of their host dark-matter haloes. We use a suite of controlled simulations of isolated galaxies to quantify how halo spin, concentration, inner density profile, and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-05-28 Guangze Sun , Fangzhou Jiang , Jing Wang

Disc galaxies like the Milky Way are expected to be surrounded by massive coronae of hot plasma that may contain a significant fraction of the so-called missing baryons. We investigate whether the local (|vLSR|<400 km/s) warm-hot absorption…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-15 A. Marasco , F. Marinacci , F. Fraternali

We use cosmological hydrodynamical simulations of the APOSTLE project along with high-quality rotation curve observations to examine the fraction of baryons in {\Lambda}CDM haloes that collect into galaxies. This 'galaxy formation…

The amount of detected baryons in the local Universe is at least a factor of two smaller than measured at high redshift. It is believed that a significant fraction of the baryons in the current Universe is "hiding" in a hot filamentary…

Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-18 M. Galeazzi , A. Gupta , E. Ursino

A number of recent studies indicates a significant amount of ionized gas in a form of the hot gas halo around the Milky Way. The halo extends over the region of 100 kpc and may be acountable for the missing baryon mass. In this paper we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-03-16 Emin Ya. Nugaev , Grigory I. Rubtsov , Yana V. Zhezher

One of the biggest mysteries in the modern cosmology and galaxy formation is the hideout of the "missing baryons". The leading theory of galaxy formation predicts that a huge amount of baryons resides around galaxies extending out to their…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-04-21 Yi Zhang , Ruo-Yu Liu , Hui Li , Shi Shao , Huirong Yan , Xiang-Yu Wang , Xiao-Na Sun

We predict that there is a population of low-luminosity dwarf galaxies orbiting within the halo of the Milky Way that have surface brightnesses low enough to have escaped detection in star-count surveys. The overall count of stealth…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2014-11-20 James S. Bullock , Kyle R. Stewart , Manoj Kaplinghat , Erik J. Tollerud , Joe Wolf

We investigate the baryon content of the circumgalactic medium (CGM) within the virial radius of $M_h \sim 10^{12} \; M_\odot$ haloes at z ~ 3, by modelling the surface brightness profile of the giant Ly$\alpha$ nebulae recently discovered…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-04-15 Gabriele Pezzulli , Sebastiano Cantalupo

Observations of local X-ray absorbers, high-velocity clouds, and distant quasar absorption line systems suggest that a significant fraction of baryons may reside in multi-phase, low-density, extended, ~100 kpc, gaseous halos around normal…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-01-29 Tobias Kaufmann , James S. Bullock , Ari Maller , Taotao Fang

We know that our Galaxy is permeated by tenuous, hot, metal-rich gas. However much remains unknown about its origin, the portion of the Galaxy that it permeates, its total mass, as any role it may play in regulating activity in the Galaxy.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-07-29 F. Nicastro , F. Senatore , Y. Krongold , S. Mathur , M. Elvis

The angular power spectrum and polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB), the relative abundances of primordial hydrogen, deuterium and helium isotopes, and the large-scale structure of the universe all indicate that…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-02-02 Ehud Behar , Shlomo Dado , Arnon Dar , Ari Laor

I review studies of the hot gaseous medium in and around nearby normal disk galaxies, including the Milky Way. This medium represents a reservoir of materials required for lasting star formation, a depository of galactic feedback (e.g.,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Q. Daniel Wang

The global missing baryon problem - that the sum of observed baryons falls short of the number expected form BBN - is well known. In addition to this, there is also a local missing baryon problem that applies to individual dark matter…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Stacy S. McGaugh

Galaxies with high star-formation rate surface densities often host large-scale outflows that redistribute energy, momentum, and baryons between the interstellar medium and the halo, making them a key feedback channel regulating galaxy…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-23 Ellis R. Owen , Leonard E. C. Romano , Kentaro Nagamine

In the Big Bang about 5% of the mass that was created was in the form of normal baryonic matter (neutrons and protons). Of this about 10% ended up in galaxies in the form of stars or of gas (that can be in molecules, can be atomic, or can…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 J. I. Read , Neil Trentham

(Abridged) We recently found that the halo of the Milky Way contains a large reservoir of warm-hot gas that contains a large fraction of the missing baryons from the Galaxy. The average physical properties of this circumgalactic medium…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-16 A. Gupta , S. Mathur , M. Galeazzi , Y. Krongold

Hydrodynamical simulations indicate that substantial fraction of baryons in the Universe remains in a diffuse component - Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM). To determine physical properties (spatial distribution, temperature and density)…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Andrzej M. Soltan

The baryon content of high-density regions in the universe is relevant to two critical unanswered questions: the workings of nurture effects on galaxies and the whereabouts of the missing baryons. In this paper, we analyze the distribution…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-18 A. Faltenbacher , A. Finoguenov , N. Drory