Related papers: Exploring extra dimensions through observational t…
Dark energy candidates for which the equation-of-state parameter w is less than -1 violate the dominant energy condition, and are typically unstable. In scalar-tensor theories of gravity, however, the expansion of the universe can mimic the…
We focus on uncertainties in supernova measurements, in particular of individual magnitudes and redshifts, to review to what extent supernovae measurements of the expansion history of the universe are likely to allow us to constrain a…
The book elucidates the current state of the dark energy problem and presents the results of the authors, who work in this area. It describes the observational evidence for the existence of dark energy, the methods and results of…
We constrain the evolution of Newton's constant using the growth rate of large-scale structure measured by the WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey in the redshift range $0.1 < z < 0.9$. We use this data in two ways. Firstly we constrain the matter…
The accelerated expansion of the universe implies the existence of an energy contribution known as dark energy. Associated with the cosmological constant in the standard model of cosmology, the nature of this dark energy is still unknown.…
We show that atomic clock measurements provides an exceptionally sensitive Solar System probe of scalar tensor dark energy. By connecting variations in Newton's constant and differential clock drifts to the dynamics of a single dark energy…
One of the most important and surprising discoveries in cosmology in recent years is the realization that our Universe is dominated by a mysterious dark energy, which leads to an accelerating expansion of space-time. A simple generalization…
Major observational efforts in the coming decade are designed to probe the equation of state of dark energy. Measuring a deviation of the equation-of-state parameter w from -1 would indicate a dark energy that cannot be represented solely…
With the dark energy phenomena explored over a decade, in this present work we discuss a specific case of the generalized Einstein-aether theories, in which the modified Friedmann Equation is similar to that in the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati…
New observational constraints on the cosmic matter density $\Omega_m$ and an effectively redshift-independent equation of state parameter $w_x$ of the dark energy are obtained while simultaneously testing the strong and null energy…
A new phenomenological dark energy model, originally associated to the large-scale structure formation and considered as a solution to the fine-tuning and coincidence problems related to the cosmological constant, was analyzed within the…
We extend and apply a model-independent analysis method developed earlier by Daly & Djorgovski to new samples of supernova standard candles, radio galaxy and cluster standard rulers, and use it to constrain physical properties of the dark…
We examine flat models containing a dark matter component and an arbitrary dark energy component, subject only to the constraint that the dark energy satisfies the weak energy condition. We determine the constraints that these conditions…
We combine recent measurements of Cosmic Microwave Background Anisotropies, Supernovae luminosity distances and Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations to derive constraints on the dark energy equation of state w in the redshift range 0<z<2, using a…
With the discovery of Dark Energy, $\Lambda_{DE}$, there is now a universal length scale, $\ell_{DE}=c/(\Lambda_{DE} G)^{1/2}$, associated with the universe that allows for an extension of the geodesic equations of motion. In this paper, we…
We apply the Union2 compilation of 557 supernova Ia data, the baryon acoustic oscillation measurement of distance, the cosmic microwave background radiation data from the seven year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe, and the Hubble…
Observations of supernovae of type Ia require dark energy (some unknown exotic \emph{`matter'} of negative pressure) to explain their unexpected faintness. Whereas the simplest and most favoured candidate of dark energy, the Einsteinian…
To explain the currently observed accelerated expansion of the universe, a large number of different theoretical models are presently being discussed. In one way or another, all of these contain `new physics', though at different levels.…
Measurements suggest that our universe has a substantial dark energy component. The most recent data on type Ia supernovae give a dark energy density which is in good agreement with other measurements if the dark energy is assumed to be a…
The discovery of cosmic acceleration has stimulated theorists to consider dark energy or modifications to Einstein's General Relativity as possible explanations. The last decade has seen advances in theories that go beyond smooth dark…