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Long secondary periods (LSPs) in luminous red giants remain the only major class of long-period stellar variability without a secure physical origin. Competing hypotheses include binaries with dusty companions and oscillatory convective…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-05-06 Benjamin Courtney-Barrer , Xavier Haubois , Michael Ireland , Peter Wood

Binary millisecond pulsars (MSPs) are detached binary systems consisting of a MSP and a He white dwarf. If the initial orbital periods of binary MSPs are less than 0.3 day, they would evolve toward ultra-compact binary pulsars due to the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-10-22 Wen-Cong Chen

Context. Luminous Blue Variables (LBVs) are thought to be in a transitory phase between O stars on the main-sequence and the Wolf-Rayet stage. Recent studies suggest that they might be formed through binary interaction. Only a few are known…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 L. Mahy , C. Lanthermann , D. Hutsemékers , J. Kluska , A. Lobel , R. Manick , B. Miszalski , M. Reggiani , H. Sana , E. Gosset

We have analysed publicly available MACHO observations of 6833 variable stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud, classified as eclipsing binaries. After finding that a significant fraction of the sample was misclassified, we redetermined…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 A. Derekas , L. L. Kiss , T. R. Bedding

Long-period binary systems containing a B-type hot subdwarf (sdB) and a main-sequence companion are thought to originate from binary interactions involving stable mass transfer from the red giant, the progenitor of the sdB, to the MS…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-06 Francisco Molina , Joris Vos , Alexey Bobrick , Maja Vučković

High-dispersion spectroscopic observations are used to refine orbital elements for the symbiotic binary CH Cyg. The current radial velocities, added to a previously published 13 year time series of infrared velocities for the M giant in the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Kenneth Hinkle , Francis Fekel , Richard Joyce

The MACHO Project collected photometry of many RR Lyrae stars from its observations of the Milky Way's bulge. We examined the lightcurves of 3256 stars identified as RRab Lyr variables by \cite{Kund2008}, subtracting an empirical model of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-19 Michael W. Richmond

We have analysed the three-colour photometry of 34 pulsating red giants that was published by Percy, Wilson and Henry (2001). As is common with semiregulars, many of these stars have long secondary periods (LSPs) of several years, in…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-09-29 J. P. Huber , T. R. Bedding , S. J. O'Toole

Low mass white dwarfs are the remnants of disrupted red giant stars in binary millisecond pulsars and other exotic binary star systems. Some low mass white dwarfs cool rapidly, while others stay bright for millions of years due to stable…

Long-period variability in luminous red giants has several promising applications, all of which require models able to accurately predict pulsation periods. Linear pulsation models have proven successful in reproducing the observed periods…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-11-04 Michele Trabucchi , Peter R. Wood , Nami Mowlavi , Giada Pastorelli , Paola Marigo , Léo Girardi , Thomas Lebzelter

Roughly 30% of variable AGB stars show a Long Secondary Period, or LSP. These LSPs have posed something of a problem in recent years and their cause remains a mystery. By combining VLT-derived velocity curves with MACHO and OGLE light…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2012-01-06 C. P. Nicholls

Long-period variables are bright, evolved red giant stars showing periodic photometric changes due to stellar pulsation. They follow one or more period-luminosity and period-age relations, which make them highly promising distance…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-20 Michele Trabucchi

We study the brightness variations of galactic red supergiant stars using long-term visual light curves collected by the American Association of Variable Star Observers (AAVSO) over the last century. The full sample contains 48 red…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 L. L. Kiss , Gy. M. Szabo , T. R. Bedding

Oscillating stars in binary systems are among the most interesting stellar laboratories, as these can provide information on the stellar parameters and stellar internal structures. Here we present a red giant with solar-like oscillations in…

The complexity of composite spectra of close binary star system makes study of the spectra of their component stars extremely difficult. For this reason there exists very little information on the photospheric chemical composition of stars…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2014-03-05 K. Pavlovski , J. Southworth

It is believed that the radio pulsars rotating at spin periods of about 30 millisecond or even lower got such high spins through the transfer of angular momentum by accreting matter from their binary companions (or past companions) in the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-07-28 Arpita Choudhary

Context. Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are rare massive stars with very high luminosity. They are characterized by strong photo-metric and spectroscopic variability related to transient eruptions. The mechanisms at the origin of these…

Due to the recent increase in the availability of photometric time-series databases, the characterisation of low-mass eclipsing binaries for the study of their orbital and physical parameters is now possible in large samples and with good…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-12 Hernan E. Garrido , Patricia Cruz , Marcos P. Diaz , John F. Aguilar

V383Sco was discovered to be an eclipsing binary at the beginning of the XX century. This system has one of the longest orbital periods known (13.5yr) and was initially classified as a zet_Aur-type variable. It was then forgotten for…

Period-luminosity (PL) sequences of long period variables (LPVs) are commonly interpreted as different pulsation modes, but there is disagreement on the modal assignment. Here, we re-examine the observed PL sequences in the Large Magellanic…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-10-11 Michele Trabucchi , Peter R. Wood , Josefina Montalbán , Paola Marigo , Giada Pastorelli , Léo Girardi