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Related papers: Active Matter

200 papers

Active matter comprises individual units that convert energy into mechanical motion. In many examples, such as bacterial systems and biofilament assays, constituent units are elongated and can give rise to local nematic orientational order.…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-11-17 He Li , Xia-qing Shi , Mingji Huang , Xiao Chen , Mingfeng Xiao , Chenli Liu , Hugues Chate , H. P. Zhang

Active systems are driven out of equilibrium by exchanging energy and momentum with their environment. This endows them with anomalous mechanical properties that we review in this colloquium for the case of dry scalar active matter, which…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-01-20 Omer Granek , Yariv Kafri , Mehran Kardar , Sunghan Ro , Alexandre Solon , Julien Tailleur

Active particles under soft confinement such as droplets or vesicles present intriguing phenomena, as collective motion emerges alongside the deformation of the environment. A model is employed to systematically investigate droplet…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-07-25 Javier Diaz , Ignacio Pagonabarraga

In equilibrium, the collective behaviour of particles interacting via steep, short-ranged potentials is well captured by the virial expansion of the free energy at low density. Here, we extend this approach beyond equilibrium to the case of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-06-21 Yuting Irene Li , Rosalba Garcia-Millan , Michael E. Cates , Étienne Fodor

Active matter refers to a broad class of non-equilibrium systems where energy is continuously injected at the level of individual ``particles". These systems exhibit emergent collective behaviors that have no direct thermal-equilibrium…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2026-02-10 Zihan Zheng , Cunyuan Jiang , Yangrui Chen , Matteo Baggioli , Jie Zhang

Active matter systems comprise self-propelled particles that move on a substrate while leaving chemical trails that influence other particles through chemotaxis (e.g., slime-depositing bacteria). Orientational chemotaxis manifests as a…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-11 Aymeric Lutier , Frédéric van Wijland , Jean-Baptiste Fournier

Thanks to a constant energy input, active matter can self-assemble into phases with complex architectures and functionalities such as living clusters that dynamically form, reshape and break-up, which are forbidden in equilibrium materials…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-03-27 Falko Schmidt , Benno Liebchen , Hartmut Löwen , Giovanni Volpe

Active matter systems such as eukaryotic cells and bacteria continuously transform chemical energy to motion. Hence living systems exert active stresses on the complex environments in which they reside. One recurring aspect of this…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-02-27 Emmanuel Lance Christopher VI M. Plan , Julia Yeomans , Amin Doostmohammadi

With exquisite precision and reproducibility, cells orchestrate the cooperative action of thousands of nanometer-sized molecular motors to carry out mechanical tasks at much larger length scales, such as cell motility, division and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2013-01-08 Tim Sanchez , Daniel T. N. Chen , Stephen J. DeCamp , Michael Heymann , Zvonimir Dogic

Many collective systems exist in nature far from equilibrium, ranging from cellular sheets up to flocks of birds. These systems reflect a form of active matter, whereby individual material components have internal energy. Under specific…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-04-17 Namid R. Stillman , Silke Henkes , Roberto Mayor , Gilles Louppe

Active matter physics and swarm robotics have provided powerful tools for the study and control of ensembles driven by internal sources. At the macroscale, controlling swarms typically utilizes significant memory, processing power, and…

Systems of active particles can show a large variety of collective behavior. In theory, two aspects determine the collective behavior: the model at the particle level and the parameter regime. While many studies consider a single model and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-17 Colin-Marius Koch , Michael Wilczek

Differently from passive Brownian particles, active particles, also known as self-propelled Brownian particles or microswimmers and nanoswimmers, are capable of taking up energy from their environment and converting it into directed motion.…

It is common in the study of a dizzying array of soft matter systems to perform agent-based simulations of particles interacting via conservative and often short-ranged forces. In this context, well-established algorithms for efficiently…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-03-19 Daniel M. Sussman

Active matter comprises individually driven units that convert locally stored energy into mechanical motion. Interactions between driven units lead to a variety of non-equilibrium collective phenomena in active matter. One of such phenomena…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-06-15 Mingji Huang , Wensi Hu , Siyuan Yang , Quan-Xing Liu , H. P. Zhang

Active matter has been intensely studied for its wealth of intriguing properties such as collective motion, motility-induced phase separation (MIPS), and giant fluctuations away from criticality. However, the precise connection of active…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-04-17 Juliane U. Klamser , Sebastian C. Kapfer , Werner Krauth

Dynamical clustering represents a characteristic feature of active matter consisting of self-propelled agents that convert energy from the environment into mechanical motion. At the micron scale, typical of overdamped dynamics, particles…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2024-06-04 Lorenzo Caprini , Davide Breoni , Anton Ldov , Christian Scholz , Hartmut Löwen

Swimmers and self-propelled particles are physical models for the collective behaviour and motility of a wide variety of living systems, such as bacteria colonies, bird flocks and fish schools. Such artificial active materials are amenable…

Active systems across scales, ranging from molecular machines to human crowds, are usually modeled as assemblies of self-propelled particles driven by internally generated forces. However, these models often assume memoryless dynamics and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-12-10 Marc Besse , Raphaël Voituriez

Simple active models of matter recapitulate complex biological phenomena. The out-of-equilibrium nature of these models, however, often makes them beyond the reach of first-principle descriptions. This limitation is particularly perplexing…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-11-07 Mingyuan Zheng , Dmytro Khomenko , Patrick Charbonneau