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Principal component analysis (PCA) represents a standard approach to identify collective variables $\{x_i\}\!=\!\boldsymbol{x}$, which can be used to construct the free energy landscape $\Delta G(\boldsymbol{x})$ of a molecular system.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-05-30 Matthias Post , Steffen Wolf , Gerhard Stock

Principal component analysis (PCA) has well-documented merits for data extraction and dimensionality reduction. PCA deals with a single dataset at a time, and it is challenged when it comes to analyzing multiple datasets. Yet in certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-10-27 Gang Wang , Jia Chen , Georgios B. Giannakis

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for grounding large language models in external knowledge sources, improving the precision of agents responses. However, high-dimensional language model embeddings,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Arman Khaledian , Amirreza Ghadiridehkordi , Nariman Khaledian

The principal component analysis (PCA) is a staple statistical and unsupervised machine learning technique in finance. The application of PCA in a financial setting is associated with several technical difficulties, such as numerical…

Statistical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2021-08-31 Paul Bilokon , David Finkelstein

Efficient representations of data are essential for processing, exploration, and human understanding, and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the most common dimensionality reduction techniques used for the analysis of large,…

Computation · Statistics 2023-11-06 Olga Dorabiala , Aleksandr Aravkin , J. Nathan Kutz

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a popular tool for linear dimensionality reduction and feature extraction. Kernel PCA is the nonlinear form of PCA, which better exploits the complicated spatial structure of high-dimensional features.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Quan Wang

Artificial neural networks that learn to perform Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and related tasks using strictly local learning rules have been previously derived based on the principle of similarity matching: similar pairs of inputs…

Computation · Statistics 2018-11-06 Victor Minden , Cengiz Pehlevan , Dmitri B. Chklovskii

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widely used unsupervised dimensionality reduction technique in machine learning, applied across various fields such as bioinformatics, computer vision and finance. However, when the response variables…

Applications · Statistics 2025-06-25 Theodosios Papazoglou , Guosheng Yin

Machine Learning models are prone to fail when test data are different from training data, a situation often encountered in real applications known as distribution shift. While still valid, the training-time knowledge becomes less…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Thomas Cordier , Victor Bouvier , Gilles Hénaff , Céline Hudelot

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a powerful and popular dimensionality reduction technique. However, due to its linear nature, it often fails to capture the complex underlying structure of real-world data. While Kernel PCA (kPCA)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Thomas Uriot , Elise Chung

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a widely used technique in machine learning, data analysis and signal processing. With the increase in the size and complexity of datasets, it has become important to develop low-space usage algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Yichuan Deng , Zhao Song , Zifan Wang , Han Zhang

In this paper we present an application of techniques from statistical signal processing to the problem of event detection in wireless sensor networks used for environmental monitoring. The proposed approach uses the well-established…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-01-27 Jayant Gupchup , Andreas Terzis , Randal Burns , Alex Szalay

We consider the problem of decomposing a large covariance matrix into the sum of a low-rank matrix and a diagonally dominant matrix, and we call this problem the "Diagonally-Dominant Principal Component Analysis (DD-PCA)". DD-PCA is an…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-06-04 Zheng Tracy Ke , Lingzhou Xue , Fan Yang

Fan et al. [$\mathit{Annals}$ $\mathit{of}$ $\mathit{Statistics}$ $\textbf{47}$(6) (2019) 3009-3031] constructed a distributed principal component analysis (PCA) algorithm to reduce the communication cost between multiple servers…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-10-07 Kangqiang Li , Han Bao , Lixin Zhang

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a longstanding and well-studied approach for dimension reduction. It rests upon the assumption that the underlying signal in the data has low rank, and thus can be well-summarized using a small number…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-14 Ronan Perry , Snigdha Panigrahi , Jacob Bien , Daniela Witten

Often the relation between the variables constituting a multivariate data space might be characterized by one or more of the terms: ``nonlinear'', ``branched'', ``disconnected'', ``bended'', ``curved'', ``heterogeneous'', or, more general,…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-09-12 Jochen Einbeck , Ludger Evers , Coryn Bailer-Jones

Sparse Principal Component Analysis (sPCA) is a cardinal technique for obtaining combinations of features, or principal components (PCs), that explain the variance of high-dimensional datasets in an interpretable manner. This involves…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-12-02 Ryan Cory-Wright , Jean Pauphilet

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a popular method for dimension reduction and has attracted an unfailing interest for decades. More recently, kernel PCA (KPCA) has emerged as an extension of PCA but, despite its use in practice, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-25 Maxime Haddouche , Benjamin Guedj , John Shawe-Taylor

Sequential or online dimensional reduction is of interests due to the explosion of streaming data based applications and the requirement of adaptive statistical modeling, in many emerging fields, such as the modeling of energy end-use…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2014-07-17 Zhaoyi Kang , Costas J. Spanos

Multilinear Principal Component Analysis (MPCA) is a widely utilized method for the dimension reduction of tensor data. However, the integration of MPCA into federated learning remains unexplored in existing research. To tackle this gap,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Chengyu Zhou , Yuqi Su , Tangbin Xia , Xiaolei Fang