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Near-term quantum computations are limited by high error rates, the scarcity of qubits and low qubit connectivity. Increasing support for mid-circuit measurements and qubit reset in near-term quantum computers enables qubit reuse that may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-02 Sebastian Brandhofer , Ilia Polian , Kevin Krsulich

The three-input TOFFOLI gate is the workhorse of circuit synthesis for classical logic operations on quantum data, e.g., reversible arithmetic circuits. In physical implementations, however, TOFFOLI gates are decomposed into six CNOT gates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2011-11-03 Vivek V. Shende , Igor L. Markov

The success of quantum circuits in providing reliable outcomes for a given problem depends on the gate count and depth in near-term noisy quantum computers. Quantum circuit compilers that decompose high-level gates to native gates of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-30 Subrata Das , Swaroop Ghosh

We present two new constructions for the Toffoli gate which substantially reduce resource costs in fault-tolerant quantum computing. The first contribution is a Toffoli gate requiring Clifford operations plus only four $T =…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-03-18 Cody Jones

We propose a novel optimization scheme designed to find optimally correctable subspace codes for a known quantum noise channel. To each candidate subspace code we first associate a universal recovery map, as if the code was perfectly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-29 Miguel Casanova , Kentaro Ohki , Francesco Ticozzi

In fault-tolerant quantum circuit synthesis, T gates supplied via magic states dominate space-time cost, while Clifford gates incur negligible overhead. Conventional flows minimize AND count in an {XOR, AND, NOT} basis as a proxy for T,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-18 Hanyu Wang , Mingfei Yu , Xinrui Wu , Jason Cong

The Toffoli gate is an important universal quantum gate, and will alongside the Clifford gates be available in future fault-tolerant quantum computing hardware. Many quantum algorithms rely on performing arbitrarily small single-qubit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Christoffer Hindlycke , Jakov Krnic , Jan-Åke Larsson

Atomic-scale logic and the minimization of heating (dissipation) are both very high on the agenda for future computation hardware. An approach to achieve these would be to replace networks of transistors directly by classical reversible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-14 B. Antonio , J. Randall , W. K. Hensinger , G. W. Morley , S. Bose

We propose two Clifford+$T$ synthesis algorithms that are optimal with respect to $T$-count. The first algorithm, called deterministic synthesis, approximates any single-qubit unitary by a single-qubit Clifford+$T$ circuit with the minimum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Hayata Morisaki , Kaoru Sano , Seiseki Akibue

It is now widely accepted that the CMOS technology implementing irreversible logic will hit a scaling limit beyond 2016, and that the increased power dissipation is a major limiting factor. Reversible computing can potentially require…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-07-13 P. Oscar Boykin , Vwani P. Roychowdhury

Qubit reuse offers a promising way to reduce the hardware demands of quantum circuits, but current approaches are largely restricted to reordering measurements and applying qubit resets. In this work, we present an approach to further…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-10 Damian Rovara , Lukas Burgholzer , Robert Wille

Quantum computers are considered as a future alternative to circumvent the heat dissipation problem of VLSI circuits. The synthesis of reversible circuits is a very promising area of study considering the expected further technological…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2014-11-25 Fatima Hadjam , Claudio Moraga

In order for quantum computations to be done as efficiently as possible it is important to optimise the number of gates used in the underlying quantum circuits. In this paper we find that many gate optimisation problems for approximately…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-13 John van de Wetering , Matt Amy

Layout synthesis is mapping a quantum circuit to a quantum processor. SWAP gate insertions are needed for scheduling 2-qubit gates only on connected physical qubits. With the ever-increasing number of qubits in NISQ processors, scalable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-23 Irfansha Shaik , Jaco van de Pol

A reversible logic has application in quantum computing. A reversible logic design needs resources such as ancilla and garbage qubits to reconfigure circuit functions or gate functions. The removal of garbage qubits and ancilla qubits are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-08-04 Jayashree HV , Himanshu Thapliyal , Hamid R. Arabnia , V K Agrawal

Resource-efficient and high-precision approximate synthesis of quantum circuits expressed in the Clifford+T gate set is vital for Fault-Tolerant quantum computing. Efficient optimal methods are known for single-qubit RZ unitaries, otherwise…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Mathias Weiden , Justin Kalloor , John Kubiatowicz , Ed Younis , Costin Iancu

The exponential and Gaussian functions are among the most fundamental and important operations, appearing ubiquitously throughout all areas of science, engineering, and mathematics. Whereas formally, it is well-known that any function may…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-13 Bill Poirier

We devise greedy heuristics tailored for synthesizing quantum circuits that implement a specified set of Pauli rotations. Our heuristics are designed to minimize either the count of entangling gates or the depth of entangling gates, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-05 Timothée Goubault de Brugière , Simon Martiel

This paper presents an automated software toolchain for synthesizing hardware-implementable analog circuits that solve constrained optimization problems. The proposed toolchain supports nonlinear objective functions with linear and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-22 Sachin Khoja , Kamlesh Sawant , Palak Jain , Sairaj Dhople , Jason Poon

In a recent paper ([1]=quant-ph/0606035) it is shown how the optimal recovery operation in an error correction scheme can be considered as a semidefinite program. As a possible future improvement it is noted that still better error…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Reimpell , R. F. Werner , K. Audenaert