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Energy load balancing is an essential issue in designing wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Clustering techniques are utilized as energy-efficient methods to balance the network energy and prolong its lifetime. In this paper, we propose an…
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) consists of many individual sensors that are deployed in the area of interest. These sensor nodes have major energy constraints as they are small and their battery can't be replaced. They collaborate together…
Wireless sensor networks are composed of low cost and extremely power constrained sensor nodes which are scattered over a region forming self organized networks, making energy consumption a crucial design issue. Thus, finite network…
One of the most vital activities to reduce energy consumption in wireless sensor networks is clustering. In clustering, one node from a group of nodes is selected to be a cluster head, which handles majority of the computation and…
A critical need in Mobile Wireless Sensor Network (MWSN) is to achieve energy efficiency during routing as the sensor nodes have scarce energy resource. The nodes' mobility in MWSN poses a challenge to design an energy efficient routing…
In this paper, we propose LMEEC, a cluster-based routing protocol with low energy consumption for wireless sensor networks. Our protocol is based on a strategy which aims to provide a more reasonable exploitation of the selected nodes…
In this paper, we propose LMEEC, a cluster-based routing protocol with low energy consumption for wireless sensor networks. Our protocol is based on a strategy which aims to provide a more reasonable exploitation of the selected nodes…
Many papers have been proposed in order to increase the wireless sensor networks performance; This kind of network has limited resources, where the energy in each sensor came from a small battery that sometime is hard to be replaced or…
Clustering is an important research topic for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). A large variety of approaches has been presented focusing on different performance metrics. Even though all of them have many practical applications, an…
Many studies in recent years have considered the use of mobile sinks (MS) for data gathering in wireless sensor networks (WSN), so as to reduce the need for data forwarding among the sensor nodes (SN) and thereby prolong the network…
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) suffers from the hot spot problem where the sensor nodes closest to the base station are need to relay more packet than the nodes farther away from the base station. Thus, lifetime of sensory network depends…
Energy in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is critical to network lifetime and data delivery. However, the primary impediment to the durability and dependability of these sensor nodes is their short battery life. Currently, power-saving…
Balanced energy consumption is a major research concern in sensor networks. If some sensor nodes spent energy rapidly compared to other sensor groups, then the energy consumption is not evenly distributed and the lifetime of the network is…
The clustering algorithm are considered as a kind of key technique used to reduce energy consumption. It can help in increasing the stability period and network life time. Routing protocol for efficient energy utilization should be designed…
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major attentiveness for researcher in field of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we present some energy efficient hierarchal routing protocols, prosper from conventional Low Energy…
Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a major and very interesting technology, which consists of small battery powered sensor nodes with limited power resources. The sensor nodes are inaccessible to the user once they are deployed. Replacing the…
This paper deals with the routing protocols for distributed wireless sensor networks. The conventional protocols for WSNs like Low Energy adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH), Stable Election Protocol (SEP), Threshold Sensitive Energy…
Wireless Sensor Networks is important to nodes energy consumption for long activity of sensor nodes because nodes that compose sensor network are small size, and battery capacity is limited. For energy consumption decrease of sensor nodes,…
Sensor network has been recognized as the most significant technology for next century. Despites of its potential application, wireless sensor network encounters resource restriction such as low power, reduced bandwidth and specially…
An energy efficient routing protocol is the major concern in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In this survey paper, we present energy efficient hierarchical routing protocols, developed from conventional LEACH routing protocol. Main focus…