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Related papers: Analytic Methods for Cosmological Likelihoods

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Marginalization techniques are presented for the Bayesian filtering problem under the assumption of Gaussian priors and posteriors and a set of sequentially more constraining state space model assumptions. The techniques provide the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2016-07-12 John-Olof Nilsson

Randomized experiments are the gold standard for evaluating the effects of changes to real-world systems. Data in these tests may be difficult to collect and outcomes may have high variance, resulting in potentially large measurement error.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-27 Benjamin Letham , Brian Karrer , Guilherme Ottoni , Eytan Bakshy

A new empirical Bayes approach to variable selection in the context of generalized linear models is developed. The proposed algorithm scales to situations in which the number of putative explanatory variables is very large, possibly much…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-06-29 Haim Bar , James Booth , Martin T. Wells

We develop a general formalism for analysing parameter information from non-Gaussian cosmic fields. The method can be adapted to include the nonlinear effects in galaxy redshift surveys, weak lensing surveys and cosmic velocity field…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Andy Taylor , Peter Watts

A method of calculating probability values from a system of marginal constraints is presented. Previous systems for finding the probability of a single attribute have either made an independence assumption concerning the evidence or have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-04-05 J. W. Miller , R. M. Goodman

In cosmic shear likelihood analyses the covariance is most commonly assumed to be constant in parameter space. Therefore, when calculating the covariance matrix (analytically or from simulations), its underlying cosmology should not…

Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-13 Tim Eifler , Peter Schneider , Jan Hartlap

The fully marginalized likelihood, or Bayesian evidence, is of great importance in probabilistic data analysis, because it is involved in calculating the posterior probability of a model or re-weighting a mixture of models conditioned on…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-30 Fengji Hou , Jonathan Goodman , David W. Hogg

The estimation of cosmological parameters from a given data set requires a construction of a likelihood function which, in general, has a complicated functional form. We adopt a Gaussian copula and constructed a copula likelihood function…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-28 Masanori Sato , Kiyotomo Ichiki , Tsutomu T. Takeuchi

Here we present an investigation into using nested sampling algorithms in cosmological likelihood analysis. We present a new nested sampling algorithm, ESNested, that uses Evolution Strategies for sample proposals. This quickly finds the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2011-01-28 M. Axiak , T. D. Kitching , J. I. van Hemert

Gaussian processes (GPs) are a popular model for spatially referenced data and allow descriptive statements, predictions at new locations, and simulation of new fields. Often a few parameters are sufficient to parameterize the covariance…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-01 Florian Gerber , Douglas W. Nychka

The Bayesian evidence is a key tool in model selection, allowing a comparison of models with different numbers of parameters. Its use in analysis of cosmological models has been limited by difficulties in calculating it, with current…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-01 Juan Garcia-Bellido

We present algorithms for searching for azimuthally symmetric features in CMB data. Our algorithms are fully optimal for masked all-sky data with inhomogeneous noise, computationally fast, simple to implement, and make no approximations. We…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-15 Stephen Osborne , Leonardo Senatore , Kendrick Smith

In recent years, methods of approximate parameter estimation have attracted considerable interest in complex problems where exact likelihoods are hard to obtain. In their most basic form, Bayesian methods such as Approximate Bayesian…

Computation · Statistics 2015-07-17 Johanna Bertl , Gregory Ewing , Carolin Kosiol , Andreas Futschik

This paper presents a detailed theoretical analysis of the three stochastic approximation proximal gradient algorithms proposed in our companion paper [49] to set regularization parameters by marginal maximum likelihood estimation. We prove…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-08-14 Valentin De Bortoli , Alain Durmus , Ana F. Vidal , Marcelo Pereyra

This is a writeup, with some elaboration, of the talks by the two authors (a physicist and a statistician) at the first PHYSTAT Informal review on January 24, 2024. We discuss Bayesian and frequentist approaches to dealing with nuisance…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2024-04-29 Robert D. Cousins , Larry Wasserman

Given the complexity of modern cosmological parameter inference where we are faced with non-Gaussian data and noise, correlated systematics and multi-probe correlated data sets, the Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) method is a…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-08 Elise Jennings , Maeve Madigan

A new parameterization and algorithm are proposed for seeking the primary relative maximum of the likelihood function in the three-parameter lognormal distribution. The parameterization yields the dimension reduction of the three-parameter…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-18 Yoshio Komori , Hideo Hirose

This paper proposes a novel profile likelihood method for estimating the covariance parameters in exploratory factor analysis of high-dimensional Gaussian datasets with fewer observations than number of variables. An implicitly restarted…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-24 Fan Dai , Somak Dutta , Ranjan Maitra

We generalize the maximum likelihood method to non-Gaussian distribution functions by means of the multivariate Edgeworth expansion. We stress the potential interest of this technique in all those cosmological problems in which the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Luca Amendola

We present a method to transform multivariate unimodal non-Gaussian posterior probability densities into approximately Gaussian ones via non-linear mappings, such as Box--Cox transformations and generalisations thereof. This permits an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-06-14 Robert L. Schuhmann , Benjamin Joachimi , Hiranya V. Peiris