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When an isolated quantum system is driven out of equilibrium, expectation values of general observables start oscillating in time. This article reviews the general theory of such temporal fluctuations. We first survey some results on the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-09-02 Lorenzo Campos Venuti , Paolo Zanardi

Functional limit theorems are presented for the rescaled occupation time fluctuations process of a critical finite variance branching particle system in $R^d$ with symmetric a-stable motion starting off from either a standard Poisson random…

Probability · Mathematics 2009-11-04 Piotr Milos

We summarize the present status of the theories of spin fluctuations in dealing with the anomalous or non-Fermi liquid behavior and unconventional superconductivity in strongly correlated electron systems around their magnetic instabilities…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2007-05-23 Toru Moriya

A quantum mechanical model is used to derive a generalized Landau-Lifshitz equation for a magnetic moment, including fluctuations and dissipation. The model reproduces the Gilbert-Brown form of the equation in the classical limit. The…

Materials Science · Physics 2009-11-07 A. Rebei , G. J. Parker

We continue our study of the linear response of a nonequilibrium system. This Part II concentrates on models of open and driven inertial dynamics but the structure and the interpretation of the result remain unchanged: the response can be…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-05-02 Marco Baiesi , Eliran Boksenbojm , Christian Maes , Bram Wynants

The fluctuation-dissipation relation, a central result in non-equilibrium statistical physics, relates equilibrium fluctuations in a system to its linear response to external forces. Here we provide a direct experimental verification of…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2017-11-15 Shuvojit Paul , Abhrajit Laskar , Rajesh Singh , Basudev Roy , R. Adhikari , Ayan Banerjee

The role of fluctuation-dissipation relations (theorems) for the magnetization dynamics with Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert and Bloch-Bloembergen damping terms are discussed. We demonstrate that the use of the Callen-Welton fluctuation-dissipation…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Vladimir L. Safonov , H. Neal Bertram

Conformal fluctuations of the metric tensor at the Planck scale are considered. They give rise to a lower bound of the proper length. This leads to finite expressions for quantities related to propagators without the need of renormalization…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Alex H. Blin

The Fluctuation Theorems are a group of exact relations that remain valid irrespective of how far the system has been driven away from equilibrium. Other than having practical applications, like determination of equilibrium free energy…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-04 Sourabh Lahiri , A. M. Jayannavar

Fluctuation-induced forces occur generically when long-ranged correlations (e.g., in fluids) are confined by external bodies. In classical systems, such correlations require specific conditions, e.g., a medium close to a critical point. On…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-07-30 Markus Gross , Christian M. Rohwer , S. Dietrich

Diffusion of electrons in a two-dimensional system in static random magnetic fields is studied by solving the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation numerically. The asymptotic behaviors of the second moment of the wave packets and the…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-28 Tohru Kawarabayashi , Tomi Ohtsuki

We analyze experimental data obtained from an electrical circuit having components at different temperatures, showing how to predict its response to temperature variations. This illustrates in detail how to utilize a recent linear response…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-09-07 Marco Baiesi , Sergio Ciliberto , Gianmaria Falasco , Cem Yolcu

We provide bounds on temporal fluctuations around the infinite-time average of out-of-time-ordered and time-ordered correlators of many-body quantum systems without energy gap degeneracies. For physical initial states, our bounds predict…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-12-20 Talía L. M. Lezama , Yevgeny Bar Lev , Lea F. Santos

This note proves an upper bound for the fluctuations of a second-class particle in the totally asymmetric simple exclusion process. The proof needs a lower tail estimate for the last-passage growth model associated with the exclusion…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Timo Seppalainen

We consider the response of a dynamical system driven by external adiabatic fluctuations. Based on the `adiabatic following approximation' we have made a systematic separation of time-scales to carry out an expansion in $\alpha |\mu|^{-1}$,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-10-31 S. K. Banik , J. R. Chaudhuri , D. S. Ray

We performed numerical experiments on a two-dimensional driven lattice gas, which constitutes a simple stochastic nonequilibrium many-body model. In this model, focusing on the behavior along the direction transverse to the external driving…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Kumiko Hayashi

Fluctuation relations are derived in systems where the spin degree of freedom and magnetic interactions play a crucial role. The form of the non-equilibrium fluctuation theorems relies in the assumption of a local balance condition. We…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2012-06-21 Rosa Lopez , Jong Soo Lim , David Sanchez

We show that an appropriately defined fluctuation-dissipation theorem, connecting generalized susceptibilities and time correlation functions, is valid for times shorter than the nucleation time of the metastable state of Markovian systems…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-10 G. Baez , H. Larralde , F. Leyvraz , R. A. Mendez-Sanchez

It has been recently shown that randomly charged surfaces can exhibit long range electrostatic interactions even when they are net neutral. These forces depend on the specific realization of charge disorder and thus exhibit sample to sample…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2011-12-30 David S. Dean , Ali Naji , Rudolf Podgornik

Recently, Portelli et al (2003) have semi-numerically obtained a functional form of the probability distribution of fluctuations in the total energy flow in a model for fluid turbulence. This follows earlier work suggesting that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 S. C. Chapman , G. Rowlands , N. W. Watkins