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Related papers: A vacuum component of the Universe must evolve

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Quantum cosmology describes universe as a relativistic object with an evolution defined by an equation for the energy density corresponding to the least action principle: (Taganov, 2008). In quantum cosmology this equation plays the same…

General Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Igor N. Taganov

It is shown that in the cosmological models based on a vacuum energy decaying as a^{-2}, where a is the scale factor of the universe, the fate of the universe in regard to whether it will collapse in future or expand forever is determined…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Murat Özer

The cosmological constant, i.e., the energy density stored in the true vacuum state of all existing fields in the Universe, is the simplest and the most natural possibility to describe the current cosmic acceleration. However, despite its…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 S. Carneiro , M. A. Dantas , C. Pigozzo , J. S. Alcaniz

The Einstein equation in a semi-classical approximation is applied to a spherical region of the universe, with the stress-energy tensor consisting of the mass density and pressure of the LambdaCDM cosmological model plus an additional…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-11 Emilio Santos

A new varying-$c$ cosmological model constructed using two additional assumptions, which was introduced in our previous work, is briefly reviewed and the dynamic equation of the model is derived distinctly from a semi-Newtonian approach.…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-09-28 Hossein Shojaie , Mehrdad Farhoudi

The energy composition of the Universe, as emerged from the Type Ia supernova observations and the WMAP data, looks preposterously complex, -- but only at the first glance. In fact, its structure proves to be simple and regular. An analysis…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 Arthur Chernin

I briefly review the cosmological constant problem and the issue of dark energy (or quintessence). Within the framework of quantum field theory, the vacuum expectation value of the energy momentum tensor formally diverges as $k^4$. A cutoff…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Varun Sahni

We explore the theoretical possibility that dark energy density is derived from the vacuum particle pairs together with the quantum fluctuation of space-time. By assuming the vacuum particle pairs fall into the horizon boundary of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-07-24 Long Huang , Xiao feng Yang , Xiang Liu

A phenomenological model is proposed to explain the recent observed cosmological variation of the fine structure constant as an effect of the quantum vacuum, assuming a flat universe with cosmological constant $\Lambda$ in the cases…

Astrophysics · Physics 2010-12-17 Antonio F. Rañada

A finite vacuum energy density implies the existence of a UV scale for gravitational modes. This gives a phenomenological scale to the dynamical equations governing the cosmological expansion that must satisfy constraints consistent with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 James Lindesay

Over the past three years we have determined the basic features of the Universe -- spatially flat; accelerating; comprised of 1/3 a new form of matter, 2/3 a new form of energy, with some ordinary matter and a dash of massive neutrinos; and…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Michael S. Turner

The evidence for a Big Bang origin of the Universe is truly compelling, though its cause remains a complete mystery. As the cosmic spacetime is revealed to us with ever improving detail, however, we are beginning to refine the range of its…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-01 Fulvio Melia

It is a mystery why the density of matter and the density of vacuum energy are nearly equal today when they scale so differently during the expansion of the Universe. We suggest a paradigm that might allow for a non-anthropic solution to…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-07 Kim Griest

One hope to solve the cosmological constant problem is to identify a symmetry principle, based on which the cosmological constant can be reduced either to zero, or to a tiny value. Here, we note that requiring that the vacuum state is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-06-01 Jurjen F. Koksma , Tomislav Prokopec

The presence of dark energy in the Universe is inferred directly and indirectly from a large body of observational evidence. The simplest and most theoretically appealing possibility is the vacuum energy density (cosmological constant).…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 J. S. Alcaniz

We consider extra compact dimensions as the origin of a cosmological universal energy density in the regular dimensions, with only graviton fields propagating in the compact space dimensions. The quantum zero point energy originating from…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-09-03 Vikram Soni , Naresh Dadhich , Rathin Adhikari

We review the evidence for recently accelerating cosmological expansion or "dark energy", either a negative pressure constituent in General Relativity (Dark Energy) or modified gravity (Dark Gravity), without any Dark Energy constituent. If…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Sidney Bludman

The value of the cosmological constant arising from a crystalline model for vacuum cosmic space with lattice parameter of the order of the neutron radius [1] has been calculated. The model allows to solve, in an easy way, the problem of the…

The homogeneous expansion history H(z) of our universe measures only kinematic variables, but cannot fix the underlying dynamics driving the recent acceleration: cosmographic measurements of the homogeneous universe, are consistent with…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-10-24 Sidney Bludman

We explicitly compute the dynamics of closed homogeneous and isotropic universes permeated by a single perfect fluid with a constant equation of state parameter $w$ in the context of a recent reformulation of general relativity, proposed in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-05-06 P. P. Avelino