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We derive covariant wave functions for hadrons composed of two constituents for arbitrary Lorentz boosts. Focussing explicitly on baryons as quark-diquark systems, we reduce their manifestly covariant Bethe-Salpeter equation to covariant…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 M. Dillig

Higher (2nd)-order Wigner distribution function in quantum phase space for entangled bi-modal coherent states, a representative of higher (2nd)-order optical-polarization, is introduced by generalizing kernel (transiting) operator in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-04 Ravi S. Singh , Sunil P. Singh , Lallan Yadava , Gyaneshwar K. Gupta

We calculate the quark self-energy correction in light-cone gauge motivated by distribution amplitudes whose definition implies a Wilson line. The latter serves to preserve the gauge invariance of the hadronic amplitudes and becomes trivial…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-21 Roberto Correa da Silveira , Fernando E. Serna , Bruno El-Bennich

We present the first calculation of the Efremov-Teryaev-Qiu-Sterman functions and associated twist-3 quark-gluon correlation functions for both the proton and pion. These functions are determined using the light-front wave functions…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-25 Zhimin Zhu , Jiangshan Lan , Chandan Mondal , Xingbo Zhao , James P. Vary , BLFQ Collaboration

The transverse spin asymmetries measured in semi-inclusive leptoproduction of hadrons, when weighted with the hadron transverse momentum $P_T$, allow for the extraction of important transverse-momentum-dependent distribution functions. In…

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2019-02-20 M. G. Alexeev , G. D. Alexeev , A. Amoroso , V. Andrieux , N. V. Anfimov , V. Anosov , A. Antoshkin , K. Augsten , W. Augustyniak , C. D. R. Azevedo , B. Badelek , F. Balestra , M. Ball , V. Barone , J. Barth , R. Beck , Y. Bedfer , J. Bernhard , K. Bicker , E. R. Bielert , M. Bodlak , P. Bordalo , F. Bradamante , A. Bressan , M. Buechele , V. E. Burtsev , W. -C. Chang , C. Chatterjee , M. Chiosso , A. G. Chumakov , S. -U. Chung , A. Cicuttin , M. L. Crespo , S. Dalla Torre , S. S. Dasgupta , S. Dasgupta , O. Yu. Denisov , L. Dhara , S. V. Donskov , N. Doshita , Ch. Dreisbach , W. Duennweber , R. R. Dusaev , M. Dziewiecki , A. Efremov , C. Elia , P. D. Eversheim , M. Faessler , A. Ferrero , M. Finger , M. Finger , H. Fischer , C. Franco , N. du Fresne von Hohenesche , J. M. Friedrich , V. Frolov , F. Gautheron , O. P. Gavrichtchouk , S. Gerassimov , J. Giarra , I. Gnesi , M. Gorzellik , A. Grasso , A. Gridin , M. Grosse Perdekamp , B. Grube , A. Guskov , D. Hahne , G. Hamar , D. von Harrach , R. Heitz , F. Herrmann , N. Horikawa , N. d'Hose , C. -Y. Hsieh , S. Huber , S. Ishimoto , A. Ivanov , T. Iwata , M. Jandek , T. Jary , R. Joosten , P. Joerg , K. Juraskova , E. Kabuss , F. Kaspar , A. Kerbizi , B. Ketzer , G. V. Khaustov , Yu. A. Khokhlov , Yu. Kisselev , F. Klein , J. H. Koivuniemi , V. N. Kolosov , K. Kondo , I. Konorov , V. F. Konstantinov , A. M. Kotzinian , O. M. Kouznetsov , Z. Kral , M. Kraemer , F. Krinner , Z. V. Kroumchtein , Y. Kulinich , F. Kunne , K. Kurek , R. P. Kurjata , A. Kveton , A. A. Lednev , S. Levorato , Y. -S. Lian , J. Lichtenstadt , R. Longo , V. E. Lyubovitskij , A. Maggiora , A. Magnon , N. Makins , N. Makke , G. K. Mallot , S. A. Mamon , B. Marianski , A. Martin , J. Marzec , J. Matousek , T. Matsuda , G. V. Meshcheryakov , M. Meyer , W. Meyer , Yu. V. Mikhailov , M. Mikhasenko , E. Mitrofanov , N. Mitrofanov , Y. Miyachi , A. Moretti , A. Nagaytsev , D. Neyret , J. Novy , W. -D. Nowak , G. Nukazuka , A. S. Nunes , A. G. Olshevskiy , I. Orlov , M. Ostrick , D. Panzieri , B. Parsamyan , S. Paul , J. -C. Peng , F. Pereira , M. Pesek , M. Peskova , D. V. Peshekhonov , N. Pierre , S. Platchkov , J. Pochodzalla , V. A. Polyakov , J. Pretz , M. Quaresma , C. Quintans , S. Ramos , C. Regali , G. Reicherz , C. Riedl , D. I. Ryabchikov , A. Rybnikov , A. Rychter , R. Salac , V. D. Samoylenko , A. Sandacz , S. Sarkar , I. A. Savin , T. Sawada , G. Sbrizzai , P. Schiavon , H. Schmieden , E. Seder , A. Selyunin , L. Silva , L. Sinha , S. Sirtl , M. Slunecka , J. Smolik , F. Sozzi , A. Srnka , D. Steffen , M. Stolarski , O. Subrt , M. Sulc , H. Suzuki , A. Szabelski , T. Szameitat , P. Sznajder , M. Tasevsky , S. Tessaro , F. Tessarotto , A. Thiel , J. Tomsa , F. Tosello , V. Tskhay , S. Uhl , B. I. Vasilishin , A. Vauth , B. M. Veit , J. Veloso , A. Vidon , M. Virius , M. Wagner , S. Wallner , M. Wilfert , K. Zaremba , P. Zavada , M. Zavertyaev , E. Zemlyanichkina , M. Ziembicki

We compute the leading-twist T-odd quasi-distributions of the proton in a spectator model with scalar and axial-vector diquarks: the quasi Sivers function $\tilde{f}_{1T}^\perp(x, k_T^2; P_z)$ and the quasi Boer-Mulders function…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-11-23 Chentao Tan , Zhun Lu

The light-front representation of quantum chromodynamics provides a frame-independent, quantum-mechanical representation of hadrons at the amplitude level, capable of encoding their multi-quark, hidden-color and gluon momentum, helicity,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-11 Stanley J. Brodsky

The measurement of the pion light-cone wave function is revisited and results for the Gegenbauer coefficients are presented. Mesurements of the photon electromagnetic and hadronic wave functions are described and results are presented.

High Energy Physics - Experiment · Physics 2009-11-11 Daniel Ashery

The representation of quark distribution functions in terms of nonlocal operators is combined with a simple diquark spectator model. This allows us to estimate these functions for the nucleon ensuring correct crossing and support…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 P. J. Mulders , J. Rodrigues

The light-cone Fock-state representation of QCD encodes the properties of a hadrons in terms of frame-independent wavefunctions, providing a systematic framework for evaluating structure functions, exclusive hadronic matrix elements,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-09-11 Stanley J. Brodsky

In this paper, a study of light-cone distribution amplitudes for p-wave heavy mesons is presented in both general and heavy quark frameworks. Within the light-front approach, the leading twist light-cone distribution amplitudes, \phi_M(u)…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2013-05-30 Chien-Wen Hwang

Accumulating evidence indicates that soft quark+quark (diquark) correlations play an important role in the structure and interactions of hadrons constituted from three or more valence-quarks; so, it is worth developing insights into diquark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-04-21 Ya Lu , Daniele Binosi , Minghui Ding , Craig D. Roberts , Hui-Yu Xing , Chang Xu

We study the three-quark light-cone amplitudes of the proton including quarks' transverse momenta. We classify these amplitudes using a newly-developed method in which light-cone wave functions are constructed from a class of light-cone…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Xiangdong Ji , Jian-Ping Ma , Feng Yuan

In this paper, we investigate the twist-2 and twist-3 light-cone distribution amplitudes (LCDAs) of vector mesons within the light-front quark model, and the $n$th Gegenbauer moment $a_n(\mu)$, $\xi$-moment $\langle…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-24 Xiao-Nan Li , Shuai Xu , Qin Chang

The light-cone Fock-state representation of QCD encodes the properties of a hadrons in terms of frame-independent wavefunctions. A new type of jet production reaction, "self-resolving diffractive interactions" can provide direct information…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2007-05-23 Stanley J. Brodsky

The large-$x$ behavior of the transverse-momentum dependent quark distributions is analyzed in the factorization-inspired perturbative QCD framework, particularly for the naive time-reversal-odd quark Sivers function which is responsible…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Stanley J. Brodsky , Feng Yuan

The Wigner distributions for u and d quarks in a proton are calculated using the light front wave functions (LFWFs) of the scalar quark-diquark model for nucleon constructed from the soft-wall AdS/QCD correspondence. We present a detail…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-07-29 D. Chakrabarti , T. Maji , C. Mondal , A. Mukherjee

We present a novel method of simulating wave effects in graphics using ray--based renderers with a new function: the Wave BSDF (Bidirectional Scattering Distribution Function). Reflections from neighboring surface patches represented by…

Graphics · Computer Science 2011-01-31 Tom Cuypers , Se Baek Oh , Tom Haber , Philippe Bekaert , Ramesh Raskar

Using the Bethe-Salpeter (B-S) equations for heavy baryons Lambda_Q, Sigma_Q, Xi_Q and Omega_Q (Q=b or c), which were established in previous work, we calculate the heavy quark distribution functions in these baryons. The numerical results…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-02-17 X. -H. Guo , A. W. Thomas , A. G. Williams

We develop a formalism to evaluate the Sivers function. The approach is well suited for calculations which use constituent quark models to describe the structure of the nucleon. A non-relativistic reduction of the scheme is performed and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 A. Courtoy , F. Fratini , S. Scopetta , V. Vento