Related papers: X-probability and Irreversibility Paradox
An event-based maximum likelihood method for handling X-ray polarimetry data is extended to include the effects of background and nonuniform sampling of the possible position angle space. While nonuniform sampling in position angle space…
In statistical mechanics, the generally called Stirling approximation is actually an approximation of Stirling's formula. In this article, it is shown that the term that is dropped is in fact the one that takes fluctuations into account.…
In quantum mechanics physical processes procede by two different mechanisms. John von Neumann enumerated them as 1, the "discontinuous ... arbitrary changes by measurement," and 2, continuous evolution via the Schroedinger Equation. That…
It is a remarkable fact that all processes occurring in the observable Universe are irreversible, whereas the equations through which the fundamental laws of physics are formulated are invariant under time reversal. The emergence of…
We consider the inverse problem of determining the time and space dependent electromagnetic potential of the Schr\"odinger equation in a bounded domain of $\mathbb R^n$, $n\geq 2$, by boundary observation of the solution over the entire…
This is a general description of a probabilistic formalism of mechanics, i.e., an extension of the Newtonian mechanics principles to the systems undergoing random motion. From an analysis of the induction procedure from experimental data to…
We provide mathematicaly rigorous justification of using term "probability" in connection to the so called non-signalling theories,known also as Popescu's and Rohrlich's box worlds. No only do we prove correctness of these models (in the…
It was generally believed throughout the 20-th century that irreversibility is a purely classical event without operator counterpart. However, a classical irreversible system cannot be consistently decomposed into a finite number of…
The Buridan's ass paradox is characterized by perpetual indecision between two states, which are never attained. When this problem is formulated as a dynamical system, indecision is modeled by a discrete-state Markov process determined by…
A previous derivation of the single-particle Schr\"odinger equation from statistical assumptions is generalized to an arbitrary number $N$ of particles moving in three-dimensional space. Spin and gauge fields are also taken into account. It…
We consider controllability for divergence-free systems that have a conserved quantity and satisfy a H\"ormander condition. It is shown that such systems are controllable, provided that the conserved quantity is a proper function. The proof…
In quantum mechanics, the Heisenberg uncertainty relation presents an ultimate limit to the precision by which one can predict the outcome of position and momentum measurements on a particle. Heisenberg explicitly stated this relation for…
Attempts to replicate probabilistic reasoning in expert systems have typically overlooked a critical ingredient of that process. Probabilistic analysis typically requires extensive judgments regarding interdependencies among hypotheses and…
This paper discusses questions concerning the foundations of quantum mechanics (entanglement, wave collapse, irreversibility) with reference to the issues raised during a Minisymposium held in Helsinki, 1.6-3.6 in 1992, where A Shimony, A…
Quantum theory is formulated as the only consistent way to manipulate probability amplitudes. The crucial ingredient is a consistency constraint: if there are two different ways to compute an amplitude the two answers must agree. This…
Two-qubit X-matrices have been the subject of considerable recent attention, as they lend themselves more readily to analytical investigations than two-qubit density matrices of arbitrary nature. Here, we maximally exploit this relative…
An experimental study of the applicability of mechanics equations to describing the process of equilibrium establishing in an isolated spin system was performed. The time-reversion effects were used at the experiments. It was demonstrated,…
We rigorously show that the probability to have a specific trajectory of an externally perturbed classical open system satisfies a universal symmetry for Liouvillian reversible dynamics. It connects the ratio between the probabilities of…
Here we explore the possibility to obtain a non-relativistic proof of the spin-statistics theorem. First, we examine the structure of axioms and theorems involved in a relativistic Schwinger-like proof of the spin-statistics relation.…
We show that in driven systems the Gaussian nature of the fluctuating force and time-reversibility are equivalent properties. This result together with the potential condition of the external force drastically restricts the form of the…