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Related papers: The Magnetic Tower of Hanoi

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We present in this paper four new variants of the Tower of Hanoi problem, the optimal solution of each of these variants is related to one of the four known numbers Fibonacci, Lucas, Pell, and Jacobsthal. We give an optimal solution to each…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-31 El-Mehdi Mehiri , Saad Mneimneh , Hacène Belbachir

Our theme bases on the classical Hanoi Towers Problem. In this paper we will define a new problem, permitting some positions, that were not legal in the classical problem. Our goal is to find an optimal (shortest possible) sequence of…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Sergey Benditkis , Illya Safro

The Tower of Hanoi continues to provide a surprisingly rich meeting point for recursive reasoning, combinatorial geometry, and computational verification. Motivated by the editorial standards of the Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-12 Qi Junyi

This paper covers a variety of mathematical folk puzzles, including geometric (Tangrams, dissection puzzles), logic, algebraic, probability (Monty Hall Problem, Birthday Paradox), and combinatorial challenges (Eight Queens Puzzle, Tower of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-10-29 Duaa Abdullah , Jasem Hamoud

The Frame-Stewart algorithm for the 4-peg variant of the Tower of Hanoi, introduced in 1941, partitions disks into intermediate towers before moving the remaining disks to their destination. Algorithms that partition the disks have not been…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2013-02-01 Neng-Fa Zhou , Jonathan Fruhman

We prove that elements of the Hanoi Towers groups $\mathcal{H}_m$ have depth bounded from above by a poly-logarithmic function $O(\log^{m-2} n)$, where $n$ is the length of an element. Therefore the word problem in groups $\mathcal{H}_m$ is…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2014-09-02 Ievgen Bondarenko

We study the Torus Puzzle, a solitaire game in which the elements of an input $m \times n$ matrix need to be rearranged into a target configuration via a sequence of unit rotations (i.e., circular shifts) of rows and/or columns. Amano et…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Matteo Caporrella , Stefano Leucci

We modify the rules of the classical Tower of Hanoi puzzle in a quite natural way to get the Fibonacci sequence involved in the optimal algorithm of resolution, and show some nice properties of such a variant. In particular, we deduce from…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-06-08 Benoît Rittaud

Quantum walk based hash functions have attracted a lot of attention in recent years because of its faster execution time and robust resistance against attacks compared to classical hash functions. It has been observed that the underlying…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-09 Pulak Ranjan Giri

We consider the problem of determining the minimum number of moves needed to solve a certain one-dimensional peg puzzle. Let N be a positive integer. The puzzle apparatus consists of a block with a single row of 2N+1 equally spaced holes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 David M. Bradley , Hugh Thomas

Knot mosaic theory was introduced by Lomonaco and Kauffman in the paper on `Quantum knots and mosaics' to give a precise and workable definition of quantum knots, intended to represent an actual physical quantum system. A knot (m,n)-mosaic…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-03-16 Seungsang Oh , Kyungpyo Hong , Ho Lee , Hwa Jeong Lee , Mi Jeong Yeon

We derive a unified closed-form expression for the Frame-Stewart algorithm in the multi-peg Tower of Hanoi: M(p,n) = 2^(i(p,n)+1)*n - sum_{k=0}^{i(p,n)} 2^k * C(p+k-2, k), where i(p,n) = min{ j >= 0 : n <= C(p-1+j, j+1) }. and prove it…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-09 Abhiram Menon

Hexagonal tortoise problem (HTP), also known as Jisuguimundo or Jisugwimundo, is a magic square variety which was invented by medieval Korean Mathematician and minister Suk-Jung Choi (1646-1715).[1] Choi showed pattern 30 vertices 3 by 3…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-01-14 Donghwi Park

For the multi-peg Tower of Hanoi problem with $k \geqslant 4$ pegs, so far the best solution is obtained by the Stewart's algorithm based on the the following recurrence relation: $\mathrm{S}\_k(n)=\min\_{1 \leqslant t \leqslant n} \left\{2…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2016-03-31 Jonathan Chappelon , Akihiro Matsuura

The author presents two tricks to accelerate depth-first search algorithms for a class of combinatorial puzzle problems, such as tiling a tray by a fixed set of polyominoes. The first trick is to implement each assumption of the search with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2009-09-25 Donald E. Knuth

We prove that the solutions to the k-peg Tower of Hanoi Problem given by Frame and Stewart are minimal.

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-09-26 Roberto Demontis

This paper extends the work started in 2002 by Demaine, Demaine and Verill (DDV) on coin-moving puzzles. These puzzles have a long history in the recreational literature, but were first systematically analyzed by DDV, who gave a full…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2023-07-14 Florian Galliot , Sylvain Gravier , Isabelle Sivignon

The monotone minimal perfect hash function (MMPHF) problem is the following indexing problem. Given a set $S= \{s_1,\ldots,s_n\}$ of $n$ distinct keys from a universe $U$ of size $u$, create a data structure $DS$ that answers the following…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-26 Sepehr Assadi , Martin Farach-Colton , William Kuszmaul

The well-known problem stated by A. Meir and L. Moser consists in tiling the unit square with rectangles (details), whose side lengths equal $1/n\times 1/(n+1)$, where indices~$n$ range from 1 to infinity. Recently, Terence Tao has proved…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-24 A. D. Kislovskiy , E. Yu. Lerner , I. A. Senkevich

There exist several types of configurations of marked vertices, referred to as the exceptional configurations, on one- and two-dimensional periodic lattices with additional long-range edges of the Hanoi network of degree four (HN4), which…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-09 Satoshi Watanabe , Pulak Ranjan Giri