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Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) thrust is produced when ionized fluid is accelerated in an electric field due to the momentum transfer between the charged species and neutral molecules. We extend the previously reported analytical model that…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2020-10-22 Ravi Sankar Vaddi , Yifei Guan , Alexander Mamishev , Igor Novosselov

Based on the Newtonian mechanics, in this article, we present a heuristic derivation of the Friedmann equations, providing an intuitive foundation for these fundamental relations in cosmology. Additionally, using the first law of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-12-31 Jaume de Haro , Emilio Elizalde , Supriya Pan

An hydrodynamic description of a one-dimensional flow of an ideal Fermi fluid is constructed from a semiclassical approximation. For an initially fully degenerate fluid, Euler and continuity hydrodynamic equations are dual to two uncoupled…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2010-10-15 Stefano Giovanazzi

Generalized hydrodynamic theory, which does not rest on the requirement of a local equilibrium, is derived in the long-wave limit of a kinetic equation. The theory bridges the whole frequency range between the quasistatic (Navier-Stokes)…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 I. V. Tokatly , O. Pankratov

We propose the generally covariant action for the theory of a self-coupled complex scalar field and electromagnetism which by virtue of constraints is equivalent, in the regime of long wavelengths, to perfect magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jacob D. Bekenstein , Gerold Betschart

The dynamics of self-gravitating fluid bodies is described by the Euler-Einstein system of partial differential equations. The break-down of well-posedness on the fluid-vacuum interface remains a challenging open problem, which is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-07-17 John Ryan Westernacher-Schneider , Charalampos Markakis , Bing Jyun Tsao

It is generally expected from intuition that the electromagnetic force exerted on a charged particle should remain unchanged when observed in different reference frames in uniform translational motion. In the special relativity, this…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Ching-Chuan Su

Hydrodynamic behavior is a general feature of interacting systems with many degrees of freedom constrained by conservation laws. To date hydrodynamic scaling in relativistic quantum systems has been observed in many high energy settings,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-11-07 Luis M. A. Bettencourt , Fred Cooper , Karen Pao

The Lorentz force equations provide a partial description of the geodesic motion of a charged particle on a four-manifold. Under the hypothesis that Maxwell's equations express symmetry properties of the Ricci tensor, the full…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael A. Graber

Detailed study of the energy and momentum carried by the electromagnetic field can be a source of clues to possible new physics underlying the Maxwell Equations. But such study has been impeded by expressions for the parameters of the…

General Physics · Physics 2021-05-11 Oliver Davis Johns

The macroscopic equations of Maxwell combined with a generalized form of the Lorentz law are a complete and consistent set; not only are these five equations fully compatible with the special theory of relativity, they also conform with the…

Optics · Physics 2012-08-07 Masud Mansuripur

An internal energy function of the mass density, the volumetric entropy and their gradients at n-order generates the representation of multi-gradient fluids. Thanks to Hamilton's principle, we obtain a thermodynamical form of the equation…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2018-03-19 Henri Gouin

We present the general relativistic pressure correction terms in Newtonian hydrodynamic equations to the nonlinear order: these are equations (\ref{mass-conservation-Mink})-(\ref{Poisson-eq-Mink}). The derivation is made in the zero-shear…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Jai-chan Hwang , Hyerim Noh

A version of Noether's second theorem using Lagrange multipliers is used to investigate fluid relabelling symmetries conservation laws in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). We obtain a new generalized potential vorticity type conservation equation…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-02-20 G. M. Webb , R. L. Mace

This work is concerned with our recently developed formalism of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. This formalism extends the classical irreversible thermodynamics which leads to classical thermodynamics and can not describe physical phenomena…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-09-06 Zaibao Yang , Wen-An Yong , Yi Zhu

For generic field theories at finite temperature, a power-law falloff of correlation functions of conserved currents at long times is a prediction of non-linear hydrodynamics. We demonstrate, through a one-loop computation in Einstein…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-03-17 Simon Caron-Huot , Omid Saremi

Electric and magnetic Hertz potentials are a formalism for obtaining solutions of Maxwell's equations from solutions of the inhomogeneous wave equation, with polarisation and magnetisation as the sources. We provide an overview of their…

Classical Physics · Physics 2017-06-30 Petar Andrejić

Maxwell's equations and the Lorentz force density are expressed using an alternative simultaneity gauge. As a result, they describe electrodynamics for an observer travelling with a constant velocity through an isotropic medium. If desired,…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2013-06-21 Benjamin Nasmith

A new approach to classical electrodynamics is presented, showing that it can be regarded as a particular case of the most general relativistic force field. In particular, at first it is shown that the structure of the Lorentz force comes…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-07-14 Stefano Re Fiorentin

Based on the analysis of biquaternion quadratic forms of field, it is shown that Maxwell equations arise as a consequence of the principle of conservation of the energy-momentum flow of field in space-time. It turns out that this principle…

Classical Physics · Physics 2024-03-05 Sergey Y. Kotkovskiy