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Related papers: Interior structure models of GJ 436b

200 papers

The dissipation of the tidal energy deposited on eccentric planets may induce a heating of the planet that affects its atmospheric thermal structure. Here we study the influence of tidal heating on the atmospheric composition of the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 M. Agundez , O. Venot , F. Selsis , N. Iro

With no analogues in the Solar System, the discovery of thousands of exoplanets with masses and radii intermediate between Earth and Neptune was one of the big surprises of exoplanet science. These super-Earths and sub-Neptunes likely…

The nature of sub-Neptunes remains unknown due to degeneracies in interior structure solutions. However, a statistical set of small planets with measured masses and radii can be used to test the planet formation theory prediction of large…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-11-18 Remo Burn , Komal Bali , Caroline Dorn , Rafael Luque , Simon L. Grimm

Transit and radial velocity observations continuously discover an increasing number of exoplanets. However, when it comes to the composition of the observed planets the data are compatible with several interior structure models. Thus, a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2011-12-12 U. Kramm , N. Nettelmann , J. J. Fortney , R. Neuhäuser , R. Redmer

GJ 436b is a warm-- approximately 800 K--extrasolar planet that periodically eclipses its low-mass (half the mass of the Sun) host star, and is one of the few Neptune-mass planets that is amenable to detailed characterization. Previous…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Heather A. Knutson , Björn Benneke , Drake Deming , Derek Homeier

The observed architecture and modeled evolution of close-in exoplanets provide crucial insights into their formation pathways and survival mechanisms. To investigate these fundamental questions, we employed JADE, a comprehensive numerical…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-15 M. Attia , V. Bourrier , E. Bolmont , L. Mignon , J. -B. Delisle , H. Beust , N. C. Hara , C. Mordasini

The first mass-estimate of an exoplanet around a Sun-like star, 51 Peg b and the first radius measurement of an exoplanet, HD209458b pointed to the challenges of understanding the atmosphere, interior, and evolution of exoplanets including…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-15 Nadine Nettelmann , Diana Valencia

Current observation techniques are able to probe the atmosphere of some giant exoplanets and get some clues about their atmospheric composition. However, the chemical compositions derived from observations are not fully understood, as for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Olivia Venot , Marcelino Agundez , Franck Selsis , Marcell Tessenyi , Nicolas Iro

Aims. We aim to identify the presence of atomic and molecular species in the upper atmosphere of the warm Neptune-sized transiting planet GJ 436 b, which has a radiative equilibrium temperature of 690 K and a mass of 25.4 Earth masses.…

Sub-Neptune planets, with sizes and masses between those of Earth and Neptune, dominate the exoplanet population. Sub-Neptunes are expected to be the most diverse family of the exoplanet population, potentially including rocky gas dwarfs,…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-24 Nikku Madhusudhan , Måns Holmberg , Savvas Constantinou , Gregory J. Cooke

Sub-Neptunes occupy an intriguing region of planetary mass-radius space, where theoretical models of interior structure predict that they could be water-rich, where water is in steam and supercritical state. Such planets are expected to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-05 Artyom Aguichine , Natalie Batalha , Jonathan J. Fortney , Nadine Nettelmann , James E. Owen , Eliza M. -R. Kempton

There are no planets intermediate in size between Earth and Neptune in our Solar System, yet these objects are found around a substantial fraction of other stars. Population statistics show that close-in planets in this size range bifurcate…

Understanding the planetary envelope composition of sub-Neptune-type exoplanets is challenging due to the inherent degeneracy in their interior composition scenarios. Particularly, the planetary envelope's H2O/H2 ratio, which can also be…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Jeehyun Yang , Renyu Hu

Knowledge of the stellar parameters for the parent stars of transiting exoplanets is pre-requisite for establishing the planet properties themselves, and often relies on stellar evolution models. GJ 436, which is orbited by a transiting…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Guillermo Torres

Recently there has been tremendous increase in the number of identified extra-solar planetary systems. Our understanding of their formation is tied to exoplanet internal structure models, which rely upon equations of state of light elements…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-03 M. D. Knudson , M. P. Desjarlais , R. W. Lemke , T. R. Mattsson , M. French , N. Nettelmann , R. Redmer

Understanding exoplanet interiors is crucial for interpreting atmospheric observations and constraining their evolution and formation. However, due to limited observational constraints, interiors structures remain poorly understood. In this…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-22 Esther van Dijk , Yamila Miguel

Context. GJ 436b is one of the few transiting warm Neptunes for which a detailed characterisation of the atmosphere is possible, whereas its non-negligible orbital eccentricity calls for further investigation. Independent analyses of…

We determine stellar parameters for the M dwarf GJ 436 that hosts a Neptune-mass planet. We employ primarily spectral modeling at low and high resolution, examining the agreement between model and observed optical spectra of five comparison…

Planets residing within the hot-Neptune Desert are rare, and studying their atmospheres can provide valuable insights into their formation and evolutionary processes. We present the atmospheric characterization of the first known ultra-hot…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-05-20 Li Zhou , Xinyue Ma , Bo Ma , Wei Wang , Chengzi Jiang , Enric Pallé , Yonghao Wang , Jinpeng Wang , Meng Zhai , Zewen Jiang , Qianyi Zou , Yujie Peng , Xuedong Gu , Qian Chen

Understanding the internal structures of planets with a large H$_2$O component is important for the characterisation of sub-Neptune planets. The finding that the mini-Neptune K2-18b could host a liquid water ocean beneath a mostly hydrogen…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2021-07-07 Matthew C. Nixon , Nikku Madhusudhan