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In nature or societies, the power-law is present ubiquitously, and then it is important to investigate the mathematical characteristics of power-laws in the recent era of big data. In this paper we prove the superposition of non-identical…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2018-04-18 Masaru Shintani , Ken Umeno

Let $[a_1(x),a_2(x),\ldots, a_n(x), \ldots]$ be the continued fraction expansion of an irrational number $x\in (0, 1)$. The study of the growth rate of the product of consecutive partial quotients $a_n(x)a_{n+1}(x)$ is associated with the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-25 Hui Hu , Mumtaz Hussain , Yueli Yu

The Central Limit Theorem (CLT) establishes that sufficiently large sequences of independent and identically distributed random variables converge in probability to a normal distribution. This makes the CLT a fundamental building block of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Henning Basold , Oisín Flynn-Connolly , Chase Ford , Hao Wang

An extension of the theory of the Iterated Logarithmic Algebra gives the logarithmic analog of a Sheffer or Appell sequence of polynomials. This leads to several examples including Stirling's formula and a logarithmic version of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Daniel E. Loeb

We prove that, among rectangular grid graphs with a fixed number of vertices, the number of spanning trees increases when the side lengths are made more balanced. In particular, among all rectangular grid graphs with $n^2$ vertices, the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Jiechen Zhang

Let $w$ be any word over the alphabet $\{0,1,\ldots, q-1\}$, and denote by $h$ either a polynomial of degree $d\geq 1$ or $h: n\mapsto m^n$ for a fixed $m$. Furthermore, denote by $e_q(w;h(n))$ the number of occurrences of $w$ as a subword…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-06 Hajime Kaneko , Thomas Stoll

We give very precise bounds for the congruence subgroup growth of arithmetic groups. This allows us to determine the subgroup growth of irreducible lattices of semisimple Lie groups. In the most general case our results depend on the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 A. Lubotzky , N. Nikolov

In the note some construction of Lie algebras is introduced. It is proved that the construction has the same property as a well known wreath product of groups [1]: Any extension of groups can be embedded into their wreath product [2].

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-07-08 Lev Simonian

The well known nonlinear model for describing the solid tumour growth [Byrne HM., et al. Appl Math Letters 2003;16:567-74] is under study using an approach based on Lie symmetries. It is shown that the model in the two-dimensional (in…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-01-01 Roman Cherniha , Vasyl' Davydovych

We study statistical properties of the highest degree, or most popular, nodes in growing networks. We show that the number of lead changes increases logarithmically with network size N, independent of the details of the growth mechanism.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-07 P. L. Krapivsky , S. Redner

In this paper, we study $k$-term arithmetic progressions $N, N+d, ..., N+(k-1)d$ of powerful numbers. Under the $abc$-conjecture, we obtain $d \gg_\epsilon N^{1/2 - \epsilon}$. On the other hand, there exist infinitely many $3$-term…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-10-04 Tsz Ho Chan

Our main technical result is that, in the coset leader graph of a linear binary code of block length n, the metric balls spanned by constant-weight vectors grow exponentially slower than those in $\{0,1\}^n$. Following the approach of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-17 Eran Iceland , Alex Samorodnitsky

We provide the first deterministic data structure that given a weighted undirected graph undergoing edge insertions, processes each update with polylogarithmic amortized update time and answers queries for the distance between any pair of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-28 Sebastian Forster , Yasamin Nazari , Maximilian Probst Gutenberg

I show that a trivial modification of a standard proof of the Roth's Theorem on triples in arithmetic progression would lead to the following Theorem: If A is a "large set" that is its elements are monotone increasing integers and the sum…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-08 Gabor Korvin

We investigate the class of finite dimensional not necessary associative algebras that have slowly growing length, that is, for any algebra in this class its length is less than or equal to its dimension. We show that this class is…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2022-03-09 Alexander Guterman , Dmitry Kudryavtsev

Under the assumption of the Riemann Hypothesis, the Linear Independence Hypothesis, and a bound on negative discrete moments of the Riemann zeta function, we prove the existence of a limiting logarithmic distribution of the normalisation of…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2013-01-14 Peter Humphries

We study network growth from a fixed set of initially isolated nodes placed at random on the surface of a sphere. The growth mechanism we use adds edges to the network depending on strictly local gain and cost criteria. Only nodes that are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-04-11 Valmir C. Barbosa , Raul Donangelo , Sergio R. Souza

Let $s(n)$ be the number of different remainders $n \bmod k$, where $1 \leq k \leq \lfloor n/2 \rfloor$. This rather natural sequence is sequence A283190 in the OEIS and while some basic facts are known, it seems that surprisingly it has…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-08-29 Omkar Baraskar , Ingrid Vukusic

Consider a $q$-ary block code satisfying the property that no $l$-letters long codeword's prefix occurs as a suffix of any codeword for $l$ inside some interval. We determine a general upper bound on the maximum size of these codes and a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Lidija Stanovnik

We give improved bounds for the equidistribution of (multiparameter) nilsequences subject to any degree filtration. The bounds we obtain are single exponential in dimension, improving on double exponential bounds of Green and Tao. To obtain…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-08-14 James Leng