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Inspired by Stufler's recent probabilistic proof of Otter's asymptotic number of unlabeled trees, we revisit work of Palmer and Schwenk, and study unlabeled forests from a probabilistic point of view. We show that the number of trees in a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Michal Bassan , Serte Donderwinkel , Brett Kolesnik

A conjecture by Bollob\'as from 1995 (which is a weakenning of the famous Tree Packing Conjecture by Gy\'arf\'as from 1976) states that any set of $k$ trees $T_n,T_{n-1},\dots,T_{n-k+1}$, such that $T_{n-i}$ has $n-i$ vertices, pack into…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-11-11 Andrzej Żak

We construct a bounded degree graph $G$, such that a simple random walk on it is transient but the random walk path (i.e., the subgraph of all the edges the random walk has crossed) has only finitely many cutpoints, almost surely. We also…

Probability · Mathematics 2011-04-11 Itai Benjamini , Ori Gurel-Gurevich , Oded Schramm

We partly confirm a Brualdi-Solheid-Tur\'{a}n type conjecture due to Nikiforov, which is a spectral radius analogue of the well-known Erd\H{o}s-S\'os Conjecture that any tree of order $t$ is contained in a graph of average degree greater…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-13 Xiangxiang Liu , Hajo Broersma , Ligong Wang

Trees or rooted trees have been generously studied in the literature. A forest is a set of trees or rooted trees. Here we give recurrence relations between the number of some kind of rooted forest with $k$ roots and that with $k+1$ roots on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-08 Song Guo , Victor J. W. Guo

Nikiforov (LAA, 2010) conjectured that for given integer $k$, any graph $G$ of sufficiently large order $n$ with spectral radius $\mu(G)\geq \mu(S_{n,k})$ contains all trees of order $2k+2$, unless $G=S_{n,k}$, where $S_{n,k}=K_k\vee…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-08-03 Xinmin Hou , Boyuan Liu , Shicheng Wang , Jun Gao , Chenhui Lv

A quantum central limit theorem for a continuous-time quantum walk on a homogeneous tree is derived from quantum probability theory. As a consequence, a new type of limit theorems for another continuous-time walk introduced by the walk is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norio Konno

We present some exact expressions for the number of paths of a given length in a perfect $m$-ary tree. We first count the paths in perfect rooted $m$-ary trees and then use the results to determine the number of paths in perfect unrooted…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Peter J. Humphries

We give a short proof of Cayley's tree formula for counting the number of different labeled trees on $n$ vertices. The following nonlinear recursive relation for the number of labeled trees on $n$ vertices is deduced from a combinatorial…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-12-22 Alok Bhushan Shukla

We prove that a simple random walk on quasi-transitive graphs with the volume growth being faster than any polynomial of degree 4 has a.s. infinitely many cut times, and hence infinitely many cutpoints. This confirms a conjecture raised by…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-12-08 He Song , Kainan Xiang

We study tree-indexed random walks as introduced by Benjamini, H\"aggstr\"om, and Mossel, i.e. labelings of a tree for which adjacent vertices have labels differing by 1. It is a conjecture of those authors that the distribution of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-01-29 Aaron Berger , Caleb Ji , Erik Metz

A random walk on a regular tree (or any non-amenable graph) has positive speed. We ask whether such a walk can be slowed down by applying carefully chosen time-dependent permutations of the vertices. We prove that on trees the random walk…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Omer Angel , Jacob Richey , Yinon Spinka , Amir Yehudayoff

We prove that if $(X_n)_{n\geq 0}$ is a random walk on a transient graph such that the Green's function decays at least polynomially along the random walk, then $(X_n)_{n\geq 0}$ has infinitely many cut times almost surely. This condition…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-03-04 Noah Halberstam , Tom Hutchcroft

We prove that every tree of maximum degree $\Delta$ with $\ell$ leaves contains paths between leaves of at least $\log_{\Delta-1}((\Delta-2)\ell)$ distinct lengths. This settles in a strong form a conjecture of Narins, Pokrovskiy and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-04-18 Francesco Di Braccio , Kyriakos Katsamaktsis , Alexandru Malekshahian

We give a short proof of the fact that the number of labelled trees on $n$ vertices is $n^{n-2}$. Although many short proofs are known, we have not seen this one before.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-23 Guillaume Chapuy , Guillem Perarnau

This note deals with the relationship between the total number of $k$-walks in a graph, and the sum of the $k$-th powers of its vertex degrees. In particular, it is shown that the the number of all $k$-walks is upper bounded by the sum of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-06 M. A. Fiol , E. Garriga

We present a nice result on the probability of a cycle occurring in a randomly generated graph. We then provide some extensions and applications, including the proof of the famous Cayley formula, which states that the number of labeled…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-17 Scott Wu , Ray Li , Andrew He , Steven Hao

A result about spanning forests for graphs yields a short proof of Krebes's theorem concerning embedded tangles in links.

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2018-03-05 Daniel S. Silver , Susan G. Williams

We give upper and lower bounds on the spectral radius of a graph in terms of the number of walks. We generalize a number of known results.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Nikiforov

We study a model of multi-excited random walk on a regular tree which generalizes the models of the once excited random walk and the digging random walk introduced by Volkov (2003). We show the existence of a phase transition of the…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-12-10 Anne-Laure Basdevant , Arvind Singh