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Problems that require the parameterization of closed contours arise frequently in computer vision applications. This article introduces a new curve parameterization algorithm that is able to fit a closed curve to a set of points while being…
Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is foundational to modern secure communication, yet existing standard curves have faced scrutiny for opaque parameter-generation practices. This work introduces a Selmer-inspired framework for constructing…
The discrete logarithm problem in Jacobians of curves of high genus $g$ over finite fields $\FF_q$ is known to be computable with subexponential complexity $L_{q^g}(1/2, O(1))$. We present an algorithm for a family of plane curves whose…
Let $K$ be a quadratic field which is not an imaginary quadratic field of class number one. We describe an algorithm to compute the primes $p$ for which there exists an elliptic curve over $K$ admitting a $K$-rational $p$-isogeny. This…
We are concerned with the homogenization of second-order linear elliptic equations with random coefficient fields. For symmetric coefficient fields with only short-range correlations, quantified through a logarithmic Sobolev inequality for…
We give some heuristics for counting elliptic curves with certain properties. In particular, we re-derive the Brumer-McGuinness heuristic for the number of curves with positive/negative discriminant up to $X$, which is an application of…
The asymptotic behavior of stochastic gradient algorithms is studied. Relying on results from differential geometry (Lojasiewicz gradient inequality), the single limit-point convergence of the algorithm iterates is demonstrated and…
In this paper, we analyze the convergence of several discretize-then-optimize algorithms, based on either a second-order or a fourth-order finite difference discretization, for solving elliptic PDE-constrained optimization or optimal…
We consider the problem of computing the Euler characteristic of an abstract simplicial complex given by its vertices and facets. We show that this problem is #P-complete and present two new practical algorithms for computing Euler…
We use rational parametrizations of certain cubic surfaces and an explicit formula for descent via 3-isogeny to construct the first examples of elliptic curves E_k: x^3 + y^3 = k of ranks 8, 9, 10, and 11 over Q. As a corollary we produce…
We present normal forms for elliptic curves over a field of characteristic $2$ analogous to Edwards normal form, and determine bases of addition laws, which provide strikingly simple expressions for the group law. We deduce efficient…
The inevitable noise in real measurements motivates the problem to continuously quantify the similarity between rigid objects such as periodic time series and proteins given by ordered points and considered up to isometry maintaining…
Let $\mathcal{E}$ be an elliptic curve over a field $\mathbf{K}$ and $\ell$ a prime. There exists an elliptic curve $\mathcal{E}^*$ related to $\mathcal{E}$ by an isogeny of degree $\ell$ only if $\Phi_\ell^t(X, j(\mathcal{E})) = 0$, where…
An improvised algorithm is proposed based on the work of Yoshimoto and Harada. The improvised algorithm results a graph which is called LDGC or Logarithmic Distribution Graph of Curvature. This graph has the capability to identify the…
In this paper, a new iterative two-level algorithm is presented for solving the finite element discretization for nonsymmetric or indefinite elliptic problems. The iterative two-level algorithm uses the same coarse space as the traditional…
The Densest Subgraph Problem (DSP) is widely used to identify community structures and patterns in networks such as bioinformatics and social networks. While solvable in polynomial time, traditional exact algorithms face computational and…
The similarity of two polygonal curves can be measured using the Fr\'echet distance. We introduce the notion of a more robust Fr\'echet distance, where one is allowed to shortcut between vertices of one of the curves. This is a natural…
We introduce a quantum algorithm for computing the Ollivier Ricci curvature, a discrete analogue of the Ricci curvature defined via optimal transport on graphs and general metric spaces. This curvature has seen applications ranging from…
Quantum heuristics have shown promise in solving various optimization problems, including lattice protein folding. Equally relevant is the inverse problem, protein design, where one seeks sequences that fold to a given target structure. The…
We present two stochastic descent algorithms that apply to unconstrained optimization and are particularly efficient when the objective function is slow to evaluate and gradients are not easily obtained, as in some PDE-constrained…