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The power grid defines one of the most important technological networks of our times and sustains our complex society. It has evolved for more than a century into an extremely huge and seemingly robust and well understood system. But it…
The contemporary society has become more dependent on telecommunication networks. Novel services and technologies supported by such networks, such as cloud computing or e-Health, hold a vital role in modern day living. Large-scale failures…
Small-world networks are the focus of recent interest because they appear to circumvent many of the limitations of either random networks or regular lattices as frameworks for the study of interaction networks of complex systems. Here, we…
Models of street networks underlie research in urban travel behavior, accessibility, design patterns, and morphology. These models are commonly defined as planar, meaning they can be represented in two dimensions without any underpasses or…
We study the response of complex networks subject to attacks on vertices and edges. Several existing complex network models as well as real-world networks of scientific collaborations and Internet traffic are numerically investigated, and…
Network structures in a wide array of systems such as social networks, transportation, power and water distribution infrastructures, and biological and ecological systems can exhibit critical thresholds or tipping points beyond which there…
In this paper, we derive a topological pattern of urban street networks using a large sample (the largest so far to the best of our knowledge) of 40 U.S. cities and a few more from elsewhere of different sizes. It is found that all the…
Network robustness is an essential system property to sustain functionality in the face of failures or targeted attacks. Currently, only the connectivity of the nodes unaffected by an attack is utilized to assess robustness. We propose to…
The possibility to identify the nature (e.g. random or scale free) of complex networks while performing respective random walks is investigated with respect to autonomous agents based on Bayesian decision theory and humans navigating…
Scale-free (SF) networks and small world networks have been found to occur in very diverse contexts. It is this striking universality which makes one look for widely applicable mechanisms which lead to the formation of such networks. In…
We analyze about two hundred naturally occurring networks with distinct dynamical origins to formally test whether the commonly assumed hypothesis of an underlying scale-free structure is generally viable. This has recently been questioned…
Feedback dynamic routing is a commonly used control strategy in transportation systems. This class of control strategies relies on real-time information about the traffic state in each link. However, such information may not always be…
Most infrastructure networks evolve and operate in a decentralized fashion, which may adversely impact the allocation of resources across the system. Here we investigate this question by focusing on the relation between capacity and load in…
Air travel is one of the most widely used transportation services in the United States. This paper analyzes the U.S. Flight Network (USFN) using complex network theory by exploring how the network's topology contributes to its efficiency…
Large real-life complex networks are often modeled by various random graph constructions and hundreds of further references therein. In many cases it is not at all clear how the modeling strength of differently generated random graph model…
Improved mobility not only contributes to more intensive human activities but also facilitates the spread of communicable disease, thus constituting a major threat to billions of urban commuters. In this study, we present a multi-city…
Various approaches and measures from network analysis have been applied to granular and particulate networks to gain insights into their structural, transport, failure-propagation and other systems-level properties. In this article, we…
We model the robustness against random failure or intentional attack of networks with arbitrary large-scale structure. We construct a block-based model which incorporates --- in a general fashion --- both connectivity and interdependence…
Quantum networks will play a key role in distributed quantum information processing. As the network size increases, network-level errors like random breakdown and intentional attack are inevitable; therefore, it is important to understand…
In this article, we investigate an artificial traffic model on scale-free networks. Instead of using the routing strategy of the shortest path, a generalized routing algorithm is introduced to improve the transportation throughput, which is…