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Let $\mathbf{B}$ be a basis for an $r$-dimensional algebra $A$ over a field or commutative ring with unity. The semifusions of $\mathbf{B}$ are the partitions of $\mathbf{B}$ whose characteristic functions form the basis of a subalgebra of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-16 Allen Herman , Roghayeh Maleki

In the Graph Isomorphism problem two N-vertex graphs G and G' are given and the task is to determine whether there exists a permutation of the vertices of G that preserves adjacency and transforms G into G'. If yes, then G and G' are said…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-03-03 Frank Gaitan , Lane Clark

Message passing graph neural networks are widely used for learning on graphs, yet their expressive power is limited by the one-dimensional Weisfeiler-Lehman test and can fail to distinguish structurally different nodes. We provide rigorous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Zimo Yan , Zheng Xie , Chang Liu , Yuan Wang

Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be an untwisted affine Lie algebra with associated Weyl group $W_a$. To any level 0 weight $\gamma$ we associate a weighted graph $\Gamma_\gamma$ that encodes the orbit of $\gamma$ under the action $W_a$. We show that the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-29 Jérémie Guilhot , Cédric Lecouvey , Pierre Tarrago

Let $(W,S)$ be a Coxeter system of type $A$, so that $W$ can be identified with the symmetric group $\mathrm{Sym}(n)$ for some positive integer $n$ and $S$ with the set of simple transpositions $\{\,(i,i+1)\mid 1\leqslant i\leqslant…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-05 Van Minh Nguyen

The $k$-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm ($k$-WL) is a fruitful approach to the Graph Isomorphism problem. 2-WL corresponds to the original algorithm suggested by Weisfeiler and Leman over 50 years ago. 1-WL is the classical color…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-04-10 V. Arvind , Frank Fuhlbrück , Johannes Köbler , Oleg Verbitsky

Censor-Hillel et al. [PODC'15] recently showed how to efficiently implement centralized algebraic algorithms for matrix multiplication in the congested clique model, a model of distributed computing that has received increasing attention in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-10-05 François Le Gall

We prove new upper and lower bounds on the number of iterations the $k$-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm ($k$-WL) requires until stabilization. For $k \geq 3$, we show that $k$-WL stabilizes after at most $O(kn^{k-1}\log n)$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Martin Grohe , Moritz Lichter , Daniel Neuen

While stabilizer tableaus have proven exceptionally useful as a descriptive tool for additive quantum codes, they offer little guidance for concrete constructions or coding algorithm analysis. We introduce a representation of stabilizer…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-31 Andrey Boris Khesin

The $k$-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm ($k$-WL) is a very useful combinatorial tool in graph isomorphism testing. We address the applicability of $k$-WL to recognition of graph properties. Let $G$ be an input graph with $n$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-31 Frank Fuhlbrück , Johannes Köbler , Ilia Ponomarenko , Oleg Verbitsky

We study the quantum finite W-algebras W(gl_N,f), associated to the Lie algebra gl_N, and its arbitrary nilpotent element f. We construct for such an algebra an r_1 x r_1 matrix L(z) of Yangian type, where r_1 is the number of maximal parts…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2018-06-11 Alberto De Sole , Victor G. Kac , Daniele Valeri

Laman graphs naturally arise in structural mechanics and rigidity theory. Specifically, they characterize minimally rigid planar bar-and-joint systems which are frequently needed in robotics, as well as in molecular chemistry and polymer…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-10-01 Stephen Kobourov , Torsten Ueckerdt , Kevin Verbeek

A new stabilizer free weak Galerkin (WG) method is introduced and analyzed for the biharmonic equation. Stabilizing/penalty terms are often necessary in the finite element formulations with discontinuous approximations to ensure the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-07-23 Xiu Ye , Shangyou Zhang

We study algebraic neural networks (AlgNNs) with commutative algebras which unify diverse architectures such as Euclidean convolutional neural networks, graph neural networks, and group neural networks under the umbrella of algebraic signal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Alejandro Parada-Mayorga , Alejandro Ribeiro

Let $G$ be a graph that is topologically embedded in the plane and let $\mathcal{A}$ be an arrangement of pseudolines intersecting the drawing of $G$. An aligned drawing of $G$ and $\mathcal{A}$ is a planar polyline drawing $\Gamma$ of $G$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-10-24 Tamara Mchedlidze , Marcel Radermacher , Ignaz Rutter

In this paper, we show that the constant-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm for groups (Brachter & Schweitzer, LICS 2020) can be fruitfully used to improve parallel complexity upper bounds on isomorphism testing for several families of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Joshua A. Grochow , Michael Levet

We consider the minimal k-grouping problem: given a graph G=(V,E) and a constant k, partition G into subgraphs of diameter no greater than k, such that the union of any two subgraphs has diameter greater than k. We give a silent…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Ajoy K. Datta , Lawrence L. Larmore , Toshimitsu Masuzawa , Yuichi Sudo

To a weighted graph can be associated a bipartite graph planar algebra P. We construct and study the symmetric enveloping inclusion of P. We show that this construction is equivariant with respect to the automorphism group of P. The…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2016-11-11 Arnaud Brothier

The isomorphism problem is a fundamental problem in network analysis, which involves capturing both low-order and high-order structural information. In terms of extracting low-order structural information, graph isomorphism algorithms…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Yifan Feng , Jiashu Han , Shihui Ying , Yue Gao

We present a distributed asynchronous algorithm for approximating a single component of the solution to a system of linear equations $Ax = b$, where $A$ is a positive definite real matrix, and $b \in \mathbb{R}^n$. This is equivalent to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-01-23 Asuman Ozdaglar , Devavrat Shah , Christina Lee Yu