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A path in a vertex-colored graph is called \emph{conflict free} if there is a color used on exactly one of its vertices. A vertex-colored graph is said to be \emph{conflict-free vertex-connected} if any two vertices of the graph are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Xueliang Li , Yingying Zhang , Xiaoyu Zhu , Yaping Mao , Haixing Zhao

An ordered graph $G$ is a graph whose vertex set is a subset of integers. The edges are interpreted as tuples $(u,v)$ with $u < v$. For a positive integer $s$, a matrix $M \in \mathbb{Z}^{s \times 4}$, and a vector $\mathbf{p} =…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-10-05 Maria Axenovich , Jonathan Rollin , Torsten Ueckerdt

We systematically investigate the complexity of counting subgraph patterns modulo fixed integers. For example, it is known that the parity of the number of $k$-matchings can be determined in polynomial time by a simple reduction to the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2021-07-02 Radu Curticapean , Holger Dell , Thore Husfeldt

In this paper we resolve the complexity of the isomorphism problem on all but finitely many of the graph classes characterized by two forbidden induced subgraphs. To this end we develop new techniques applicable for the structural and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-11-10 Pascal Schweitzer

A path in an edge-colored graph is called a proper path if no two adjacent edges of the path receive the same color. For a connected graph $G$, the proper connection number $pc(G)$ of $G$ is defined as the minimum number of colors needed to…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-02-25 Fei Huang , Xueliang Li , Zhongmei Qin , Colton Magnant

We study a new variant of graph coloring by adding a connectivity constraint. A path in a vertex-colored graph is called conflict-free if there is a color that appears exactly once on its vertices. A connected graph $G$ is said to be…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Sun-Yuan Hsieh , Hoang-Oanh Le , Van Bang Le , Sheng-Lung Peng

A path in an(a) edge(vertex)-colored graph is called \emph{a conflict-free path} if there exists a color used on only one of its edges(vertices). An(A) edge(vertex)-colored graph is called \emph{conflict-free (vertex-)connected} if there is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-09-20 Meng Ji , Xueliang Li , Xiaoyu Zhu

The semistrong edge coloring, as a relaxation of the well-known strong edge coloring, can be used to model efficient communication scheduling in wireless networks. An edge coloring of a graph $G$ is called \emph{semistrong} if every color…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-12 Yuquan Lin , Wensong Lin

The computational complexity of the Vertex Coloring problem is known for all hereditary classes of graphs defined by forbidding two connected five-vertex induced subgraphs, except for seven cases. We prove the polynomial-time solvability of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-04 T. Karthick , Frédéric Maffray , Lucas Pastor

Edge-coloring problems with forbidden patterns are decision problems asking to find an edge-coloring of the input graph which avoids a homomorphism from a fixed forbidden family of edge-colored graphs. In the precolored version of these…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Alexey Barsukov , Antoine Mottet , Davide Perinti

Let $G$ be a graph such that each vertex has its list of available colors, and assume that each list is a subset of the common set consisting of $k$ colors. For two given list colorings of $G$, we study the problem of transforming one into…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-05-23 Tatsuhiko Hatanaka , Takehiro Ito , Xiao Zhou

In this work, we study the problem of computing a maximum common contraction of two vertex-labeled graphs, i.e. how to make them identical by contracting as little edges as possible in the two graphs. We study the problem from a…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Manuel Lafond , Bertrand Marchand

Subgraph counting aims to count the occurrences of a subgraph template T in a given network G. The basic problem of computing structural properties such as counting triangles and other subgraphs has found applications in diverse domains.…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2019-03-12 Langshi Chen , Jiayu Li , Ariful Azad , Lei Jiang , Madhav Marathe , Anil Vullikanti , Andrey Nikolaev , Egor Smirnov , Ruslan Israfilov , Judy Qiu

The problem of subgraph counting asks for the number of occurrences of a pattern graph $H$ as a subgraph of a host graph $G$ and is known to be computationally challenging: it is $\#W[1]$-hard even when $H$ is restricted to simple…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Christine Awofeso , Patrick Greaves , Oded Lachish , Felix Reidl

Subgraph counting aims to count the number of occurrences of a subgraph T (aka as a template) in a given graph G. The basic problem has found applications in diverse domains. The problem is known to be computationally challenging - the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-27 Langshi Chen , Bo Peng , Sabra Ossen , Anil Vullikanti , Madhav Marathe , Lei Jiang , Judy Qiu

We study the problem of coloring a given graph using a small number of colors in several well-established models of computation for big data. These include the data streaming model, the general graph query model, the massively parallel…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-05-03 Suman K. Bera , Amit Chakrabarti , Prantar Ghosh

We study the complexity of a generic hitting problem H-Subgraph Hitting, where given a fixed pattern graph $H$ and an input graph $G$, the task is to find a set $X \subseteq V(G)$ of minimum size that hits all subgraphs of $G$ isomorphic to…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Marek Cygan , Dániel Marx , Marcin Pilipczuk , Michał Pilipczuk

We introduce a variant of the vertex-distinguishing edge coloring problem, where each edge is assigned a subset of colors. The label of a vertex is the union of the sets of colors on edges incident to it. In this paper we investigate the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Nicolas Bousquet , Antoine Dailly , Eric Duchene , Hamamache Kheddouci , Aline Parreau

Given a graph $G$, a proper $k$-coloring of $G$ is a partition $c = (S_i)_{i\in [1,k]}$ of $V(G)$ into $k$ stable sets $S_1,\ldots, S_{k}$. Given a weight function $w: V(G) \to \mathbb{R}^+$, the weight of a color $S_i$ is defined as $w(i)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Júlio Araújo , Victor A. Campos , Carlos Vinícius G. C. Lima , Vinícius Fernandes dos Santos , Ignasi Sau , Ana Silva

A class domination coloring (also called cd-Coloring or dominated coloring) of a graph is a proper coloring in which every color class is contained in the neighbourhood of some vertex. The minimum number of colors required for any…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2022-03-18 R. Krithika , Ashutosh Rai , Saket Saurabh , Prafullkumar Tale