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A simple conserved quantity for electromagnetic fields in vacuum was discovered by Lipkin in 1964. In recent years this "zilch" has been used as a measure of the chirality of light. The conservation of optical zilch is here derived from a…

Optics · Physics 2015-06-15 T. G. Philbin

We present a microscopic analysis and evaluation of the dielectric susceptibility of a dielectric medium consisting of vector-type two-energy-level atoms responding on a weak probe mode when the atoms are driven by a strong coherent field.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-06 A. S. Usoltsev , L. V. Gerasimov , A. D. Manukhova , S. P. Kulik , D. V. Kupriyanov

A basic representation of any real molecule is a finite cloud of unordered atoms, many of which are chemically indistinguishable. A natural equivalence on point clouds in any metric space is defined by isometries that are…

Metric Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-07 Vitaliy Kurlin

In most analytical studies of light ray propagation in curved spacetimes around a gravitating object surrounded by a medium, it is assumed that the medium is a cold nonmagnetized plasma. The distinctive feature of this environment is that…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-06-18 Barbora Bezděková , Oleg Yu. Tsupko , Christian Pfeifer

The internal birefringence of an optical medium develops the dynamical phase through natural rotation of incident polarized light. The uniform twist of the medium induces an external birefringence in the system.This can be visualized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-15 Dipti Banerjee , Srutarshi Banerjee

The fluid motion produced by a periodic array of identical, axisymmetric, thin-cored vortex rings is investigated. It is well known that such an array moves uniformly without change of shape or form in the direction of the central axis of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2022-04-20 Emad Masroor , Mark A. Stremler

We review observational tests for the homogeneity of the Universe on large scales. Redshift and peculiar velocity surveys, radio sources, the X-Ray Background, the Lyman-alpha forest and the Cosmic Microwave Background are used to set…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 Ofer Lahav

We calculate the permittivity, $\epsilon(\omega)$, for a medium with a quadratic electro-optic effect, modeling it as a Duffing oscillator. The nonlinear refractive index $n(\omega, E(\omega))$ and the nonlinear absorption coefficient…

Optics · Physics 2026-01-19 Igor Kuzmenko , Y. B. Band , Yshai Avishai , Marek Trippenbach

The inhomogeneous distribution of matter in the non-linear regime of galaxies, clusters of galaxies and voids is described by an exact, spherically symmetric inhomogeneous solution of Einstein's gravitational field equations, corresponding…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 J. W. Moffat

The Standard Model (SM) ascribes the observed mass of elementary particles to an effective interaction between basis states defined without mass terms and a scalar potential associated with the Higgs boson. In the relativistic field theory…

General Physics · Physics 2022-02-01 M. Land

In these notes, we expose some recent works by the author in collaboration with Olivier Glass, Christophe Lacave and Alexandre Munnier, establishing point vortex dynamics as zero-radius limits of motions of a rigid body immersed in a two…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-01-14 Franck Sueur

Self-gravitating horizonless ultra-compact objects that possess light rings have attracted the attention of physicists and mathematicians in recent years. In the present compact paper we raise the following physically interesting question:…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-02-05 Shahar Hod

An analysis of the matrix models representing the polarimetric properties of light and material media is carried out by using the concept of the coherency matrix, which leads to the identification and definition of their corresponding…

Optics · Physics 2020-02-18 José J. Gil

We investigate the evolution of a light impurity particle in a Lorentz gas where the background atoms are in thermal equilibrium. As in the standard Lorentz gas, we assume that the particle is negligibly light in comparison with the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2013-05-29 L. D'Alessio , P. L. Krapivsky

Since 1983 the meter is defined to be the "length of the path travelled by light in vacuum during a time interval of 1/299792458 of a second". If there was exactly one single consistent method of synchronizing clocks, or if all…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Peter Ostermann

Although travelling faster than the speed of light in vacuum is not physically allowed, the analogous bound in medium can be exceeded by a moving particle. For an electron in dielectric material this leads to emission of photons which is…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-10-18 Antti Kujanpää

We show that the uniform motion of a homogeneous distribution of electric charge can be stable or unstable depending on its geometry. When the electrodynamic body is perturbed from a state of rest, it starts to perform fast oscillations,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2020-08-11 Álvaro G. López

It is proposed how to impose a general type of ''noncommutativity'' within classical mechanics from first principles. Formulation is performed in completely alternative way, i.e. without any resort to fuzzy and/or star product philosophy,…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-12-19 Denis Kochan

The dynamical characteristics of electromagnetic fields include energy, momentum, angular momentum (spin) and helicity. We analyze their spatial distributions near the planar interface between two transparent and non-dispersive media, when…

Optics · Physics 2018-03-20 Aleksandr Bekshaev

If textbook Lorentz invariance is actually a property of the equations describing a sector of matter above some critical distance scale, several sectors of matter with different critical speeds in vacuum can coexist and an absolute rest…

General Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Luis Gonzalez-Mestres