Related papers: One analytic form for four branches of the ABCD ma…
Standard optical potentials use off-resonant laser standing wave induced AC-Stark shift. In a recent development [Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 117}, 233001 (2016)] a three-level scheme in $\Lambda$ configuration coupled coherently by resonant…
In a planar confluent orthogonal drawing (PCOD) of a directed graph (digraph) vertices are drawn as points in the plane and edges as orthogonal polylines starting with a vertical segment and ending with a horizontal segment. Edges may…
Let $K$ denote a field, and let $V$ denote a vector space over $K$ with finite positive dimension. Consider a pair of linear transformations $A:V\to V$ and $A^*:V\to V$ that satisfy both conditions below: (i) There exists a basis for $V$…
Matrix-vector multiplication is one of the most fundamental computing primitives. Given a matrix $A\in\mathbb{F}^{N\times N}$ and a vector $b$, it is known that in the worst case $\Theta(N^2)$ operations over $\mathbb{F}$ are needed to…
The use of a wire mesh facilitates creation of multiple optical traps for manipulation of small micron or sub-micron particles. Such an array of optical traps can be easily controlled. The trap that is formed in this manner is a continuous…
We construct six unitary trace invariants for 2 by 2 quaternionic matrices which separate the unitary similarity classes of such matrices, and show that this set is minimal. We prove two quaternionic versions of a well known…
A Ringel ladder can be formed by a self-bar-amalgamation operation on a symmetric ladder, that is, by joining the root vertices on its end-rungs. The present authors have previously derived criteria under which linear chains of copies of…
In order to make graphical Gaussian models a viable modelling tool when the number of variables outgrows the number of observations, model classes which place equality restrictions on concentrations or partial correlations have previously…
A phenomenon of "algebraic self-similarity" on 3d cubic lattice, providing what can be called an algebraic analogue of Kadanoff--Wilson theory, is shown to possess a 4d version as well. Namely, if there is a $4\times 4$ matrix $A$ whose…
We present a comprehensive and self-contained discussion of the use of the transfer matrix to study propagation in one-dimensional lossless systems, including a variety of examples, such as superlattices, photonic crystals, and optical…
An oriented graph is said positively multiplicative when its adjacency matrix $A$ embeds in a matrix algebra admitting a basis $\mathsf{B}$ with nonnegative structure constants in which the matrix of the multiplication by $A$ coincides with…
Deciding whether a family of disjoint axis-parallel line segments in the plane can be linked into a simple polygon (or a simple polygonal chain) by adding segments between their endpoints is NP-hard.
Using Cartan equivalence method, invariant coframes are constructed for two branches of rank one and zero, which characterize linearizable third-order ODEs under contact transformations with four- and five-dimensional Lie symmetry algebras,…
An arbitrary Mueller matrix can be decomposed into a sum of up to four deterministic Mueller-Jones matrices, with strengths given by the eigenvalues of an associated Hermitian matrix. A geometrical representation of the eigenvalues in terms…
We introduce the notion of quadri-algebras. These are associative algebras for which the multiplication can be decomposed as the sum of four operations in a certain coherent manner. We present several examples of quadri-algebras: the…
While every matrix algebra over a field $K$ can be realized as a Leavitt path algebra, this is not the case for every graded matrix algebra over a graded field. We provide a complete description of graded matrix algebras over a field,…
In polarization optics, an important role play Mueller matrices -- real four-dimensional matrices which describe the effect of action of optical elements on the polarization state of the light, described by 4-dimensional Stokes vectors. An…
This note summarizes the physics and mathematics of Lorentz transformations for massless particles, specifically for photons. We provide a complete analytical derivation of Wigner's little group matrix and a closed formula for the…
Shapes of four dimensional spaces can be studied effectively via maps to standard surfaces. We explain, and illustrate by quintessential examples, how to simplify such generic maps on 4-manifolds topologically, in order to derive simple…
The problem of diagonalizing a class of complicated matrices, to be called ultrametric matrices, is investigated. These matrices appear at various stages in the description of disordered systems with many equilibrium phases by the technique…