Related papers: Nonequilibrium Stefan-Boltzmann law
We consider a paradigmatic model describing the one-dimensional motion of $N$ rotators coupled through a mean-field interaction, and subject to the perturbation of an external magnetic field. The latter is shown to significantly alter the…
The Kelvin-Planck statement of the Second Law of Thermodynamics is a stricture on the nature of heat receipt by any body suffering a cyclic process. It makes no mention of temperature or of entropy. Beginning with a Kelvin-Planck statement…
We extend on ideas from standard thermodynamics to show that temperature can be assigned to a general nonequilibrium quantum system. By choosing a physically motivated complete set of observables and expanding the system state thereupon,…
Controlling photon mediated energy flow is central to the future of communications, thermal management, and energy harvesting technologies. Recent breakthroughs have revealed that many body systems violating Lorentz reciprocity can sustain…
We study parity-time-symmetric non-Hermitian quantum systems at finite temperature, where the Boltzmann distribution law fails to hold. To characterize their abnormal physical properties, a new quantum statistics theory (the so-called…
Second law of thermodynamics is applied to a few electronic processes. It is seen that the second law of thermodynamics holds good for all except one mentioned here. The classical approach, based on exact equivalence of emission and…
A standard calculation of the energy density of heavy stable particles that may pair-annihilate into light particles making up thermal medium is performed to second order of coupling, using the technique of thermal field theory. At very low…
The thermal Casimir-Lifshitz force among two bodies held at different temperatures displays striking features that are absent in systems in thermal equilibrium. The manifestation of this force has been observed so far only in Bose-Einstein…
We implement a general numerical calculation that allows for a direct comparison between nonlinear Hamiltonian dynamics and the Boltzmann-Gibbs canonical distribution in Gibbs $\Gamma$-space. Using paradigmatic first-neighbor models,…
We investigate a two-level system in resonant contact with a larger environment. The environment typically is in a canonical state with a given temperature initially. Depending on the precise spectral structure of the environment and the…
We study numerically and analytically the properties of the stationary state of a particle moving under the influence of an electric field $\bE$ in a two dimensional periodic Lorentz gas with the energy kept constant by a Gaussian…
We consider stationary driven systems in contact with a thermal equilibrium bath. There is a constant (Joule) heat dissipated from the steady system to the environment as long as all parameters are unchanged. As a natural generalization…
Steady nonequilibria dissipate energy and, when changing external parameters, an extra or excess heat accompanies the relaxation to the new nonequilibrium condition. For nonequilibrium systems in contact with a thermal bath, the heat…
Equilibrium thermodynamics is grounded in the law of energy conservation, with a specific focus on how systems exchange energy with their environment during transitions between equilibrium states. These transitions are typically…
We calculate the nonequilibrium mean-field 'temperature' of a Brownian system in contact with a heat bath. We consider two different cases: an equilibrium bath in the presence of strong external forces and a nonequilibrium bath. By proving…
We study first-order phase transitions in a two-temperature system, where due to the time-scale separation all the basic thermodynamical quantities (free energy, entropy, etc) are well-defined. The sign of the latent heat is found to be…
We discuss the occurrence of negative specific heat in a nonextensive system which has an equilibrium second-order phase transition.The specific heat is negative only in a transient regime before equilibration, in correspondence to…
Understanding thermodynamics far from equilibrium at the quantum scale remains a fundamental challenge, particularly in the presence of quantum coherence. Here we develop a first-principles framework for nonequilibrium quantum…
In this article we study a mathematical model of the heat transfer in semi infinite material with a variable cross section, when the radial component of the temperature gradient can be neglected in comparison with the axial component is…
We study the single-particle distributions of three-dimensional hard sphere gas described by the Boltzmann equation. We focus on the steady homogeneous isotropic solutions in thermodynamically open conditions, i.e. in the presence of…