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Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies are generally thought to coevolve, so that the SMBH achieves up to about 0.2 to 0.5% of the host galaxy mass in the present day. The radiation emitted from the growing SMBH is…

Dense stellar clusters are expected to house the ideal conditions for binary black hole (BBH) formation, both through binary stellar evolution and through dynamical encounters. We use theoretical arguments as well as $N$-body simulations to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-11-21 Jordan Barber , Debatri Chattopadhyay , Fabio Antonini

Supermassive stars, with masses greater than a million solar masses, are possible progenitors of supermassive black holes in galactic nuclei. Because of their short nuclear burning timescales, such objects can be formed only when matter is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 Mitchell C. Begelman

Observing the light emitted by the first accreting black holes (BHs) would dramatically improve our understanding of the formation of quasars at z > 6, possibly unveiling the nature of their supermassive black hole (SMBH) seeds. In previous…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-11-26 Rosa Valiante , Raffaella Schneider , Luca Zappacosta , Luca Graziani , Edwige Pezzulli , Marta Volonteri

The energy and momentum deposited by the radiation from accretion onto the supermassive black holes (BHs) that reside at the centres of virtually all galaxies can halt or even reverse gas inflow, providing a natural mechanism for…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-14 C. M. Booth , Joop Schaye

Motivated by JWST observations of dense, clumpy and clustered high redshift star formation, we simulate the hierarchical assembly of nine $M_{\mathrm{cl}}=10^6 M_\odot$ star clusters using the BIFROST N-body code. Our low metallicity models…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-09-08 Antti Rantala , Thorsten Naab

At low redshift, massive black holes are found in the centers of almost all large elliptical galaxies, and also in many lower-mass systems. Their evolution is believed to be inextricably entangled with that of their host galaxies. On the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-07-20 Enrico Barausse , Andrea Lapi

We investigate properties of black hole (BH) binaries formed in globular clusters via dynamical processes, using direct N-body simulations. We pay attention to effects of BH mass function on the total mass and mass ratio distributions of BH…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2017-05-12 Dawoo Park , Chunglee Kim , Hyung Mok Lee , Yeong-Bok Bae , Chris Belczynski

We study the formation histories and present-day structure of satellite galaxies formed in a high resolution hydrodynamic simulation of a Milky Way-like galaxy. The simulated satellites span nearly 4 orders of magnitude in luminosity but…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-06 Takashi Okamoto , Carlos S. Frenk

We examine the formation of groups of multiple supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in gas-poor galactic nuclei due to the high merger rate of galaxies at high redshifts. We calculate the relative likelihood of binary, triple, and quadruple…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Girish Kulkarni , Abraham Loeb

I briefly outline recent theoretical developments on the formation of the first massive black holes (MBHs) that may grow into the population of MBHs powering quasars and inhabiting galactic centers today. I also touch upon possible…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-11 Marta Volonteri

I investigate the roles of cluster dynamics and massive binary evolution in producing stellar-remnant binary black hole (BBH) mergers over the cosmic time. To that end, dynamical BBH mergers are obtained from long-term direct N-body…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-01-19 Sambaran Banerjee

Observational evidence has been mounting for the existence of intermediate mass black holes (IMBHs, 10^2-10^5 Msun), but observing them at all, much less constraining their masses, is very challenging. In one theorized formation channel,…

Gravitational-wave detectors are unveiling a population of binary black hole (BBH) mergers out to redshifts $z \approx 1$, and are starting to constrain how the BBH population evolves with redshift. We present predictions for the redshift…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-06-05 Claire S. Ye , Maya Fishbach

Halos with masses in excess of the atomic limit are believed to be ideal environments in which to form heavy black hole seeds with masses above 10^3 Msun. In cases where the H_2 fraction is suppressed this is expected to lead to reduced…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-12-13 Lewis R. Prole , John A. Regan , Simon C. O. Glover , Ralf S. Klessen , Felix D. Priestley , Paul C. Clark

We present an open-access database which includes a synthetic catalog of black holes in the Milky Way. To calculate evolution of single and binary stars we used updated population synthesis code StarTrack. We applied a new model of star…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-01 A. Olejak , K. Belczynski , T. Bulik , M. Sobolewska

Gravitational wave emission by coalescing black holes (BHs) kicks the remnant BH with a typical velocity of hundreds of km/s. This velocity is sufficiently large to remove the remnant BH from a low-mass galaxy but is below the escape…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Ryan M. O'Leary , Abraham Loeb

We propose a new mechanism for the formation of seeds of supermassive black holes at early cosmic epochs. Enhanced density fluctuations with amplitudes that are not large enough to form primordial black holes post-inflation can still lead…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-26 Wenzer Qin , Soubhik Kumar , Priyamvada Natarajan , Neal Weiner

The growth of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) remains a central problem in astrophysics, with current observations providing only limited constraints on the underlying mechanisms. One possible growth channel is stellar accretion via the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-13 Aubrey L. Jones , Benjamin C. Bromley

James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) observations have opened a tantalising new window onto possible black holes as early as redshifts of $z \sim 10.4$. These show a number of puzzling properties including unexpectedly massive black holes in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-04 Pratika Dayal , Roberto maiolino
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