Related papers: Enhancing image contrast using coherent states and…

This paper describes the use of Feynman photon path integrals to compute the probability of detecting reflected, diffracted, and scattered photons at different points in space after interacting with conduction electrons. Five examples are…

Motivated by the center-surround mechanism in the human visual attention system, we propose to use average contrast maps for the challenge of pedestrian detection in street scenes due to the observation that pedestrians indeed exhibit…

A scheme for exploring photon number amplification and discrimination is presented based on the interaction of a large number of two-level atoms with a single mode radiation field. The fact that the total number of photons and atoms in the…

Long baseline diffraction-limited optical aperture synthesis technology by interferometry plays an important role in scientific study and practical application. In contrast to amplitude (phase) interferometry, intensity interferometry --…

The use of strongly bent crystals in spectrometers for pulses of a hard x-ray free-electron laser is explored theoretically. Diffraction is calculated in both dynamical and kinematical theories. It is shown that diffraction can be treated…

The classical bound on image resolution defined by the Rayleigh limit can be beaten by exploiting the properties of quantum mechanical entanglement. If entangled photons are used as signal states, the best possible resolution is instead…

When an X-ray area detector based on a single crystalline material, for instance, a state of the art hybrid pixel detector, is illuminated from a point source by monochromatic radiation, a pattern of lines appears which overlays the…

Decades of work on beam deformation on reflection, and especially on lateral shifts, have spread the idea that a reflected beam is larger than the incident beam. However, when the right conditions are met, a beam reflected by a multilayered…

We proposed a novel approach to coherent imaging of dynamic samples. The inter-frame similarity of the sample's local structures is found to be a powerful constraint in phasing a sequence of diffraction patterns. We devised a new image…

Light sheet fluorescence microscopy is able to image large specimen with high resolution by imaging the sam- ples from multiple angles. Multi-view deconvolution can significantly improve the resolution and contrast of the images, but its…

We have detected and analyzed narrow, high contrast coherent population trapping resonances, which appear in transmission of the probe monochromatic light beam under action of the counterpropagating two-frequency laser radiation, on example…

Shaping single-mode operation in high-power fibres requires a precise knowledge of the gain-medium optical properties. This requires accurate measurements of the refractive index differences ($\Delta$n) between the core and the cladding of…

We present a novel diffractive imaging method that harnesses a low-resolution real-space image to guide the phase retrieval. A computational algorithm is developed to utilize such prior knowledge as a real-space constraint in the iterative…

We present experimental results demonstrating the quantum interference of two photons distinguishable in their transverse momenta, each entering the input ports of a balanced beam splitter. This counterintuitive interference effect is made…

Using a linear optical elements and post-selection, we construct an entangled polarization state of three photons in the same spatial mode. This state is analogous to a ``photon-number path entangled state'' and can be used for…

We present the experimental demonstration of a superconducting photon number resolving detector. It is based on the series connection of N superconducting nanowires, each connected in parallel to an integrated resistor. The device provides…

Detector stochastic deviations from an ideal response can hamper the measurement of quantum properties of light especially in the mesoscopic regime where photon-number resolution is required. We demonstrate that, by a proper analysis of the…

In the last five decades, iterative phase retrieval methods draw large amount of interest across the research community as a non-interferometric approach to recover quantitative phase distributions from one (or more) intensity measurement.…

Photon statistics of an optical field can be used for quantum optical sensing in low light level scenarios free of bulky optical components. However, photon-number-resolving detection to unravel the photon statistics is challenging. Here,…

With high sensitivity imaging arrays, accurate calibration is essential to achieve the limits of detection of space observatories. One can simultaneously extract information about the scene being observed and the calibration properties of…