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The Jordan structure of finite-dimensional quantum theory is derived, in a conspicuously easy way, from a few simple postulates concerning abstract probabilistic models (each defined by a set of basic measurements and a convex set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-10 Alexander Wilce

We explore an algorithm for approximating roots of integers, discuss its motivation and derivation, and analyze its convergence rates with varying parameters and inputs. We also perform comparisons with established methods for approximating…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-01-11 William Gerst

A survey of results for Mahler measure of algebraic numbers, and one-variable polynomials with integer coefficients is presented. Related results on the maximum modulus of the conjugates (`house') of an algebraic integer are also discussed.…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2009-07-02 Chris Smyth

We elucidate a close connection between the Theory of Judgment Aggregation (more generally, Evaluation Aggregation), and a relatively young but rapidly growing field of universal algebra, that was primarily developed to investigate…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-06-04 Mario Szegedy , Yixin Xu

We study asymptotics for the intergal of irrationality measure functions.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-08-14 Denis Shatskov

The irrationality exponent $\mu(t)$ of an irrational number t, defined using the irrationality measure $1/q^\mu$, distinguishes among non-Liouville numbers and is infinite for Liouville numbers. Using the irrationality measure $1/\beta^q$,…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Jonathan Sondow

For a given irrational number, we consider the properties of best rational approximations of given parities. There are three different kinds of rational numbers according to the parity of the numerator and denominator, say odd/odd, even/odd…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-03-20 Dong Han Kim , Seul Bee Lee , Lingmin Liao

Rouch\'e's Theorem is among the most useful results in complex analysis for counting zeros of analytic functions. Rouch\'e's Theorem also admits a harmonic analogue for counting zeros of complex harmonic functions. Previously, this analogue…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-03-11 Japheth Carlson

Let $\alpha$ be an algebraic number of degree $d\ge 3$ having at most one real conjugate and let $K$ be the algebraic number field ${\mathbf Q}(\alpha)$. For any unit $\epsilon$ of $K$ such that ${\mathbf Q}(\alpha\epsilon)=K$, we consider…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-05-26 Claude Levesque , Michel Waldschmidt

Real number calculations on elementary functions are remarkably difficult to handle in mechanical proofs. In this paper, we show how these calculations can be performed within a theorem prover or proof assistant in a convenient and highly…

Mathematical Software · Computer Science 2007-08-29 Marc Daumas , David Lester , César Muñoz

We show that Hermite's approximations to values of the exponential function at given algebraic numbers are nearly optimal when considered from an adelic perspective. We achieve this by taking into account the ratio of these values whenever…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-02 Damien Roy

In this paper, we study the power and limitations of computing effectively generic sequences using effectively random oracles. Previously, it was known that every 2-random sequence computes a 1-generic sequence (as shown by Kautz) and every…

Logic · Mathematics 2019-03-27 Laurent Bienvenu , Christopher P. Porter

New (infinitely many) rational approximants to \zeta(3) proving its irrationality are given. The recurrence relations for the numerator and denominator of these approximants as well as their continued fraction expansions are obtained. A…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2012-05-01 J. Arvesú , A. Soria-Lorente

For an irrational number $\alpha\in\mathbb{R}$ we consider its irrationality measure function $$ \psi_\alpha(x) = \min_{1\le q\le x,\, q\in\mathbb{Z}} \| q\alpha \|. $$ It is known for all irrational numbers $\alpha$ and $\beta$ satisfying…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-08-24 Viktoria Rudykh , Nikita Shulga

An effective radius of convergence is defined and computed for any truncated Taylor series. Applications to well known series are performed and is shown that a range of good coincidence for actual and approximative plot can always be found.…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2013-12-10 Demetris T. Christopoulos

We construct a countable family of multi-dimensional continued fraction algorithms, built out of five specific multidimensional continued fractions, and find a wide class of cubic irrational real numbers a so that either (a, a^2) or (a,…

Detecting and exploiting similarities between seemingly distant objects is without doubt an important human ability. This paper develops \textit{from the ground up} an abstract algebraic and qualitative notion of similarity based on the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Christian Antić

We discuss a selection of recent developments in arithmetic combinatorics having to do with ``approximate algebraic structure'' together with some of their applications.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2014-04-02 Ben Green

A similarity join aims to find all similar pairs between two collections of records. Established approaches usually deal with synthetic differences like typos and abbreviations, but neglect the semantic relations between words. Such…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Pengfei Xu , Jiaheng Lu

Capturing the similarities between human language units is crucial for explaining how humans associate different objects, and therefore its computation has received extensive attention, research, and applications. With the ever-increasing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Wenchuan Mu