Related papers: Modeling Stop-and-Go Waves in Pedestrian Dynamics
In this paper we propose a novel macroscopic (fluid dynamics) model for describing pedestrian flow in low and high density regimes. The model is characterized by the fact that the maximal density reachable by the crowd - usually a fixed…
Experimental results for congested pedestrian traffic are presented. For data analysis we apply a method providing measurements on an individual scale. The resulting velocity-density relation shows a coexistence of moving and stopping…
Nonlinear wave phenomena such as stop-and-go traffic patterns are widely observed in vehicular flow but remain challenging to describe within a rigorous mathematical framework. Motivated by this, we investigate nonlinear wave structures in…
Stop-and-go waves in road traffic are complex collective phenomena with significant implications for traffic engineering, safety and the environment. Despite decades of research, understanding and controlling these dynamics remains…
This paper introduces a spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main intention of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through bottlenecks and in corridors. Measurements of…
We consider the follow-the-leader model for traffic flow. The position of each car $z_i(t)$ satisfies an ordinary differential equation, whose speed depends only on the relative position $z_{i+1}(t)$ of the car ahead. Each car perceives a…
This paper offers a comprehensive examination of single-file experiments within the field of pedestrian dynamics, providing a review from both theoretical and analytical perspectives. It begins by tracing the historical context of…
Based on simulations with the ``intelligent driver model'', a microscopic traffic model, we explain the recently discovered transition from free over ``synchronized'' traffic to stop-and-go patterns [B. S. Kerner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 3797…
Analyzing stop-and-go waves at the scale of miles and hours of data is an emerging challenge in traffic research. The past 5 years have seen an explosion in the availability of large-scale traffic data containing traffic waves and complex…
In traffic flow, self-organized wave propagation, which characterizes congestion, has been reproduced in macroscopic and microscopic models. Hydrodynamic models, a subset of macroscopic models, can be derived from microscopic-level…
Classical second order models of pedestrian dynamics, like the social-force model, suffer from various unrealistic behaviors in the dynamics, e.g. backward motion, oscillations and overlapping of pedestrians. These effects are not related…
We investigate a stochastic model hierarchy for pedestrian flow. Starting from a microscopic social force model, where the pedestrians switch randomly between the two states stop-or-go, we derive an associated macroscopic model of…
For simulation models of pedestrian dynamics there are always the issues of calibration and validation. These are usually done by comparing measured properties of the dynamics found in observation, experiments and simulation in certain…
A spatially continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics is introduced which includes an elliptical volume exclusion of pedestrians. We discuss the phenomena of oscillations and overlapping which occur for certain choices…
In this paper, we study the traveling wave solutions to the density-suppressed motility model describing the ``self-trapping'' mechanism that induces spatio-temporal pattern formations observed in the experiment. We establish the existence…
Waves and oscillations are commonly observed in the dynamics of self-driven agents such as pedestrians or vehicles. Interestingly, many factors may perturb the stability of space homogeneous streaming, leading to the spontaneous formation…
Quantitatively modeling the trajectories and behavior of pedestrians walking in crowds is an outstanding fundamental challenge deeply connected with the physics of flowing active matter, from a scientific point of view, and having societal…
The concept of walking wave is introduced from classical relativistic positions. One- and three-dimensional walking waves considered with their wave equations and dispersion equations. It is shown that wave characteristics (de Broglie's and…
This paper introduces a space-continuous force-based model for simulating pedestrian dynamics. The main interest of this work is the quantitative description of pedestrian movement through a bottleneck. Measurements of flow and density will…
Extensive research in pedestrian dynamics has primarily focused on crowded conditions and associated phenomena, such as lane formation, evacuation, etc. Several force-based models have been developed to predict the behavior in these…