Related papers: The complex network of global cargo ship movements
Network theory provides a rich toolbox consisting of methods, measures, and models for studying the structure and dynamics of complex systems found in nature, society, or technology. Recently, it has been pointed out that many real-world…
Understanding human mobility during disastrous events is crucial for emergency planning and disaster management. We develop a methodology to construct time-varying, multilayer networks where edges encode observed movements between spatial…
The frequent outbreak of severe foodborne diseases warns of a potential threat that the global trade networks could spread fatal pathogens. The global trade network is a typical overlay network, which compounds multiple standalone trade…
Complex networks are made up of vertices and edges. The edges, which may be directed or undirected, are equipped with positive weights. Modeling complex systems that consist of different types of objects leads to multilayer networks, in…
Multivalent cargo that can interact with substrates via multiple interaction sites exhibit shared characteristics despite being found in different systems at different length-scales. Here, a general analytical model has been developed that…
We have developed a steady state theory of complex transport networks used to model the flow of commodity, information, viruses, opinions, or traffic. Our approach is based on the use of the Markov chains defined on the graph…
The highly heterogeneous and biologically active continental shelf-seas are important components of the oceanic carbon sink. Carbon rich water from shelf-seas is exported at depth to the open ocean, a process known as the continental shelf…
We analyze the global structure of the world-wide air transportation network, a critical infrastructure with an enormous impact on local, national, and international economies. We find that the world-wide air transportation network is a…
Floods affected more than 2 billion people worldwide from 1998 to 2017 and their occurrence is expected to increase due to climate warming, population growth and rapid urbanization. Recent approaches for understanding the resilience of…
Transport networks are crucial to the functioning of natural systems and technological infrastructures. For flow networks in many scenarios, such as rivers or blood vessels, acyclic networks (i.e., trees) are optimal structures when…
An emerging area of research is the study of macroscale migration patterns as a network of nodes that represent places (e.g., countries, cities, and rural areas) and edges that encode migration ties that connect those places. In this…
The paper analyses international migration flows from the network perspective by the evaluation of centrality indices. In order to find the most influential countries in the international migration network classical centrality indices and…
Sustainable road freight transport becomes indispensable in the field of transportation and logistics. The new technological change, the environmental impacts, and social responsibility laid freight road transport in front of various…
A number of important transport networks, such as the airline and trade networks of the world, exhibit a characteristic core-periphery structure, wherein a few nodes are highly interconnected and the rest of the network frays into a tree.…
Despite extensive research into ship detection via remote sensing, no studies identify ship-to-ship transfers in satellite imagery. Given the importance of transshipment in illicit shipping practices, this is a significant gap. In what…
Here, we present the World Trade Atlas 1870-2013, a collection of annual world trade maps in which distance combines economic size and the different dimensions that affect international trade beyond mere geography. Trade distances, which…
The body of knowledge accumulated in recent years on the structure and the dynamics of complex networks has offered useful insights on the behaviour of many natural and artificial complex systems. The analysis of some of these, namely those…
Changes in air transport networks over time may be induced by competition among carriers, changes in regulations on airline industry, and socioeconomic events such as terrorist attacks and epidemic outbreaks. Such network changes may…
Understanding how climate change will affect oceanic fluid transport is crucial for environmental applications and human activities. However, a synoptic characterization of the influence of climate change on mesoscale stirring and transport…
The International Trade Network (ITN) is the network formed by trade relationships between world countries. The complex structure of the ITN impacts important economic processes such as globalization, competitiveness, and the propagation of…