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We describe the use of Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) for speeding up the code NBODY6 which is widely used for direct $N$-body simulations. Over the years, the $N^2$ nature of the direct force calculation has proved a barrier for…
A number of scientific numerical codes can currently exploit GPUs with remarkable performance. In astrophysics, Enzo and Ramses are prime examples of such applications. The two codes have been ported to GPUs adopting different strategies…
In this chapter, we aim to explore an in-depth exploration of the specialized hardware accelerators designed to enhance Artificial Intelligence (AI) applications, focusing on their necessity, development, and impact on the field of AI. It…
Large-language models (LLMs) are rapidly being applied to radiology, enabling automated image interpretation and report generation tasks. Their deployment in clinical practice requires both high diagnostic accuracy and low inference…
The work of astronomers is getting more complex and advanced as the progress of computer development occurs. With improved computing capabilities and increased data flow, more sophisticated software is required in order to interpret, and…
The computational cost of video game graphics is increasing and hardware for processing graphics is struggling to keep up. This means that computer scientists need to develop creative new ways to improve the performance of graphical…
Evolutionary computing (EC) has proven to be effective in solving complex optimization and robotics problems. Unfortunately, typical Evolutionary Algorithms (EAs) are constrained by the computational capacity available to researchers. More…
The scientific community is presently witnessing an unprecedented growth in the quality and quantity of data sets coming from simulations and real-world experiments. To access effectively and extract the scientific content of such…
The subjects and key questions faced by computational astrophysics using N-body simulations are discussed in the fields of globular star cluster dynamics, galactic nuclei and cosmological structure formation. After a comparison of the…
Emerging artificial intelligence applications across the domains of computer vision, natural language processing, graph processing, and sequence prediction increasingly rely on deep neural networks (DNNs). These DNNs require significant…
One of the main challenges in Heavy Energy Physics is to make fast analysis of high amount of experimental and simulated data. At LHC-CERN one p-p event is approximate 1 Mb in size. The time taken to analyze the data and obtain fast results…
Faster algorithms, novel cryptographic mechanisms, and alternative methods of communication become possible when the model underlying information and computation changes from a classical mechanical model to a quantum mechanical one. Quantum…
Energy awareness and efficiency policies are gaining more attention, over pure performance (time-to-solution) Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) when comparing the possibilities offered by accelerated systems. But in a field such as…
Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) have revolutionized the computing landscape over the past decade. However, the growing energy demands of data centres and computing facilities equipped with GPUs come with significant capital and…
Image subtraction in astronomy is a tool for transient object discovery such as asteroids, extra-solar planets and supernovae. To match point spread functions (PSFs) between images of the same field taken at different times a convolution…
The aim of this paper is to discuss some applications of general topology in computer algorithms including modeling and simulation, and also in computer graphics and image processing. While the progress in these areas heavily depends on…
Computer modeling is essential to research on Advanced Accelerator Concepts (AAC), as well as to their design and operation. This paper summarizes the current status and future needs of AAC systems and reports on several key aspects of (i)…
Image segmentation plays an important role in computer vision, object detection, traffic control, and video surveillance. Typically, it is a critical step in the 3D reconstruction of a specific organ in medical image processing which…
Recent years have witnessed a phenomenal growth in the computational capabilities and applications of GPUs. However, this trend has also led to dramatic increase in their power consumption. This paper surveys research works on analyzing and…
The GRAPE-4, the world's fastest computer in 1995-1997, has produced some major scientific results, through a wide diversity of large-scale simulations in astrophysics. Applications have ranged from planetary formation, through the…