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We study two-dimensional critical bootstrap percolation models. We establish that a class of these models including all isotropic threshold rules with a convex symmetric neighbourhood, undergoes a sharp metastability transition. This…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-11-26 Hugo Duminil-Copin , Ivailo Hartarsky

A graph $G$ percolates in the $K_{r,s}$-bootstrap process if we can add all missing edges of $G$ in some order such that each edge creates a new copy of $K_{r,s}$, where $K_{r,s}$ is the complete bipartite graph. We study…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-02-22 Erhan Bayraktar , Suman Chakraborty

Recent years have seen a great deal of progress in our understanding of bootstrap percolation models, a particular class of monotone cellular automata. In the two dimensional lattice there is now a quite satisfactory understanding of their…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-07-23 Fabio Martinelli , Cristina Toninelli

In the $r$-neighbour bootstrap process on a graph $G$, vertices are infected (in each time step) if they have at least $r$ already-infected neighbours. Motivated by its close connections to models from statistical physics, such as the Ising…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-27 Ivailo Hartarsky , Robert Morris

In $r$-neighbor bootstrap percolation on the vertex set of a graph $G$, a set $A$ of initially infected vertices spreads by infecting, at each time step, all uninfected vertices with at least $r$ previously infected neighbors. When the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-10-09 Andrew J. Uzzell

In r-neighbour bootstrap percolation on a graph G, a set of initially infected vertices A \subset V(G) is chosen independently at random, with density p, and new vertices are subsequently infected if they have at least r infected…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-07-15 Jozsef Balogh , Bela Bollobas , Robert Morris

We establish metastability in the sense of Lebowitz and Penrose under practical and simple hypothesis for (families of) Markov chains on finite configuration space in some asymptotic regime, including the case of configuration space size…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-31 Alessandra Bianchi , Alexandre Gaudillière

Bootstrap percolation is a cellular automaton modelling the spread of an `infection' on a graph. In this note, we prove a family of lower bounds on the critical probability for $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation on Galton--Watson trees in…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-02-19 Karen Gunderson , Michał Przykucki

For fixed $r\geq 2$, we consider bootstrap percolation with threshold $r$ on the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi graph ${\cal G}_{n,p}$. We identify a threshold for $p$ above which there is with high probability a set of size $r$ which can infect the…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-11-18 Omer Angel , Brett Kolesnik

Bootstrap percolation on an arbitrary graph has a random initial configuration, where each vertex is occupied with probability p, independently of each other, and a deterministic spreading rule with a fixed parameter k: if a vacant site has…

Probability · Mathematics 2008-04-26 Jozsef Balogh , Yuval Peres , Gabor Pete

We consider the problem of finding confidence intervals for the risk of forecasting the future of a stationary, ergodic stochastic process, using a model estimated from the past of the process. We show that a bootstrap procedure provides…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-01 Robert Lunde , Cosma Rohilla Shalizi

An elegant bootstrap percolation result on the hyperrectangle graph was proved by Balogh, Bollob\'as, Morris, and Riordan using a linear algebric method in 2012. This paper studies the same problem by purely combinatorial means. The base…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-08-18 Gábor V. Nagy , Ákos Süli

Metastability thresholds lie at the heart of bootstrap percolation theory. Yet proving precise lower bounds is notoriously hard. We show that for two of the most classical models, two-neighbour and Frob\"ose, upper bounds are sharp to…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-04-12 Ivailo Hartarsky , Augusto Teixeira

Majority bootstrap percolation is a model of infection spreading in networks. Starting with a set of initially infected vertices, new vertices become infected once half of their neighbours are infected. Balogh, Bollob\'{a}s and Morris…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-10 Maurício Collares , Joshua Erde , Anna Geisler , Mihyun Kang

Understanding the generalization properties of heavy-tailed stochastic optimization algorithms has attracted increasing attention over the past years. While illuminating interesting aspects of stochastic optimizers by using heavy-tailed…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-03 Benjamin Dupuis , Umut Şimşekli

We consider bootstrap percolation on the binomial random graph $G(n,p)$ with infection threshold $r\in \mathbb{N}$, an infection process which starts from a set of initially infected vertices and in each step every vertex with at least $r$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Mihyun Kang , Tamás Makai

We investigate bootstrap percolation with infection threshold $r> 1$ on the binomial $k$-uniform random hypergraph $H_k(n,p)$ in the regime $n^{-1}\ll n^{k-2}p \ll n^{-1/r}$, when the initial set of infected vertices is chosen uniformly at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-25 Mihyun Kang , Christoph Koch , Tamás Makai

Bootstrap percolation is a wide class of monotone cellular automata with random initial state. In this work we develop tools for studying in full generality one of the three `universality' classes of bootstrap percolation models in two…

Probability · Mathematics 2021-12-07 Ivailo Hartarsky

In the random $r$-neighbour bootstrap percolation process on a graph $G$, a set of initially infected vertices is chosen at random by retaining each vertex of $G$ independently with probability $p\in (0,1)$, and "healthy" vertices get…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Mihyun Kang , Michael Missethan , Dominik Schmid

We study the performance of Markov chains for the $q$-state ferromagnetic Potts model on random regular graphs. It is conjectured that their performance is dictated by metastability phenomena, i.e., the presence of "phases" (clusters) in…

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