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We consider Clifford Quantum Cellular Automata (CQCAs) and their time evolution. CQCAs are an especially simple type of Quantum Cellular Automata, yet they show complex asymptotics and can even be a basic ingredient for universal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-02-01 Johannes Gütschow , Sonja Uphoff , Reinhard F. Werner , Zoltán Zimborás

Several proposed schemes for the physical realization of a quantum computer consist of qubits arranged in a cellular array. In the quantum circuit model of quantum computation, an often complex series of two-qubit gate operations is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Gavin K. Brennen , Jamie E. Williams

We study reversible quantum cellular automata with the restriction that these are also Clifford operations. This means that tensor products of Pauli operators (or discrete Weyl operators) are mapped to tensor products of Pauli operators.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Dirk-M. Schlingemann , Holger Vogts , Reinhard F. Werner

We give a one-dimensional quantum cellular automaton (QCA) capable of simulating all others. By this we mean that the initial configuration and the local transition rule of any one-dimensional QCA can be encoded within the initial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-10 Pablo Arrighi , Renan Fargetton , Zizhu Wang

Discretizing spacetime is often a natural step towards modelling physical systems. For quantum systems, if we also demand a strict bound on the speed of information propagation, we get quantum cellular automata (QCAs). These originally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-02 Terry Farrelly

We consider the group structure of quantum cellular automata (QCA) modulo circuits and show that it is abelian even without assuming the presence of ancillas, at least for most reasonable choices of control space; this is a corollary of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-21 Michael Freedman , Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings

This paper introduces a new formalism for quantum cellular automata (QCAs), based on evolving tensor products of qubits using local unitary operators. It subsequently uses this formalism to analyze and validate several conjectures, stemming…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-10-03 Ruhi Shah , Jonathan Gorard

One-dimensional quantum cellular automata (QCA) consist in a line of identical, finite dimensional quantum systems. These evolve in discrete time steps according to a local, shift-invariant unitary evolution. By local we mean that no…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-04-15 Pablo Arrighi , Vincent Nesme , Reinhard Werner

Quantum computation based on quantum cellular automata (QCA) can greatly reduce the control and precision necessary for experimental implementations of quantum information processing. A QCA system consists of a few species of qubits in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 Yaakov S. Weinstein , C. Stephen Hellberg

Quantum cellular automata consist in arrays of identical finite-dimensional quantum systems, evolving in discrete-time steps by iterating a unitary operator G. Moreover the global evolution G is required to be causal (it propagates…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-09-09 Pablo Arrighi

We describe a simple n-dimensional quantum cellular automaton (QCA) capable of simulating all others, in that the initial configuration and the forward evolution of any n-dimensional QCA can be encoded within the initial configuration of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-10-13 Pablo Arrighi , Jonathan Grattage

Cellular automata are interacting classical bits that display diverse emergent behaviors, from fractals to random-number generators to Turing-complete computation. We discover that quantum cellular automata (QCA) can exhibit complexity in…

We present a general framework for constructing quantum cellular automata (QCA) from topological quantum field theories (TQFT) and invertible subalgebras (ISA) using the cup-product formalism. This approach explicitly realizes all…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2026-04-01 Meng Sun , Bowen Yang , Zongyuan Wang , Nathanan Tantivasadakarn , Yu-An Chen

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) constitute space and time homogeneous discrete models for quantum field theories (QFTs). Although QFTs are defined without reference to particles, computations are done in terms of Feynman diagrams, which are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-01-27 David A. Meyer , Asif Shakeel

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) are models of quantum computation of particular interest from the point of view of quantum simulation. Quantum lattice gas automata (QLGA - equivalently partitioned quantum cellular automata) represent an…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-01-16 Asif Shakeel , Peter J. Love

We report here on the structure of reversible quantum cellular automata with the additional restriction that these are also Clifford operations. This means that tensor products of Weyl operators (projective representation of a finite…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-12-04 Dirk-Michael Schlingemann

In three dimensions, there is a nontrivial quantum cellular automaton (QCA) which disentangles the three-fermion Walker--Wang model, a model whose action depends on Stiefel--Whitney classes of the spacetime manifold. Here we present a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-10-14 Lukasz Fidkowski , Jeongwan Haah , Matthew B. Hastings

A quantum cellular automaton (QCA) or a causal unitary is by definition an automorphism of local operator algebra, by which local operators are mapped to local operators. Quantum circuits of small depth, local Hamiltonian evolutions for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2025-04-21 Jeongwan Haah

A quantum cellular automaton (QCA) is an abstract model consisting of an array of finite-dimensional quantum systems that evolves in discrete time by local unitary operations. Here we propose a simple coarse-graining map, where the spatial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-03 Pedro C. S. Costa

Quantum devices featuring mid-circuit measurement and reset capabilities, such as quantum computers and dual-species Rydberg quantum simulators, enable the realization of quantum cellular automata. These systems evolve in discrete time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-01 Uddhav Sen , Federico Carollo , Sascha Wald
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