Related papers: Higher Dimensional Dark Energy Investigation with …
In this paper, we study two different models of dark energy based on Chaplygin gas equation of state. The first model is the variable modified Chaplygin gas while the second one is the extended Chaplygin gas. Both models are considered in…
The standard $\Lambda$ Cold Dark Matter cosmological model provides an amazing description of a wide range of astrophysical and astronomical data. However, there are a few big open questions, that make the standard model look like a…
The Cosmological Constant $\Lambda$, in different incarnations, has been with us for 100 years. Many surveys of dark energy are underway, indicating so far that the data are consistent with a dark energy equation of state of $w=-1$, i.e. a…
We investigate the cosmological consequences of a brane-world theory which incorporates time variations in the gravitational coupling G and the cosmological term Lambda. We analyze in detail the model where (dG/dt)/G ~ H and Lambda ~ H^2,…
In this work, the cosmological implications of brane world scenario are investigated when the gravitational coupling $G$ and the cosmological term $\Lambda$ are not constant but rather there are time variation of them. From observational…
A new class of exact solutions of Einstein's field equations with a perfect fluid source, variable gravitational coupling $G$ and cosmological term $\Lambda$ for FRW spacetime is obtained by considering variable deceleration parameter…
We consider multidimensional cosmological model with a higher-dimensional product manifold M = R x R^{d_0} x H^{d_1}/\Gamma where R^{d_0} is d_0-dimensional Ricci-flat external (our) space and H^{d_1}/\Gamma is d_1-dimensional compact…
We critically review several recent approaches to solving the two cosmological constant problems. The "old" problem is the discrepancy between the observed value of $\Lambda$ and the large values suggested by particle physics models. The…
Cosmologies with running cosmological term (Lambda) and gravitational Newton's coupling (G) may naturally be expected if the evolution of the universe can ultimately be derived from the first principles of Quantum Field Theory or String…
The current standard cosmological model is constructed within the framework of general relativity with a cosmological constant $\Lambda$, which is often associated with dark energy, and phenomenologically explains the accelerated cosmic…
The cosmological term, $\Lambda$, was introduced $104$ years ago by Einstein in his gravitational field equations. Whether $\Lambda$ is a rigid quantity or a dynamical variable in cosmology has been a matter of debate for many years,…
I briefly review our current understanding of dark matter and dark energy. The first part of this paper focusses on issues pertaining to dark matter including observational evidence for its existence, current constraints and the `abundance…
In the early-mid 20$^{\rm th}$ century Dirac and Zel'dovich were among the first scientists to suggest an intimate connection between cosmology and atomic physics. Though a revolutionary proposal for its time, Dirac's Large Number…
We present here a phenomenological cosmological model under perfect fluid distribution with a stiff equation of state $p=\rho$. The erstwhile cosmological constant is assumed to be a time dependent variable, i.e., $\Lambda = \Lambda(t)$ in…
We present a new solution to the cosmological constant (CC) and coincidence problems in which the observed value of the CC, $\Lambda$, is linked to other observable properties of the universe. This is achieved by promoting the CC from a…
Recently there have been claims on model-independent evidence of dynamical dark energy. Herein we consider a fairly general class of cosmological models with a time-evolving cosmological term of the form $\Lambda(H)=C_0+C_H H^2+C_{\dot{H}}…
We have investigated a cosmological model with variable speed of light (c), gravitational constant (G) and cosmological constant (Lambda). The model is shown to solve the horizon, flatness and monopole problems of the early universe. We…
After a short history of the $\Lambda$-term it is explained why the (effective) cosmological constant is expected to obtain contributions from short-distance physics, corresponding to an energy at least as large as the Fermi scale. The…
We study the dynamics of the FLRW flat cosmological models in which the vacuum energy density varies with time, $\Lambda(t)$. In particular, we investigate the dynamical properties of a generalized vacuum model and we find that under…
In 1967 Zeldovich expressed the cosmological constant lambda in terms of G, m and h, the gravitational constant, the mass of a fundamental particle and Plancks constant. In 1972 Weinberg expressed m in terms of h, G, the speed of light c…