Related papers: Liquid-Crystal Transitions: A First Principles Mul…
A microscopically motivated theory of glassy dynamics based on an underlying random first order transition is developed to explain the magnitude of free energy barriers for glassy relaxation. A variety of empirical correlations embodied in…
This paper extends our earlier studies of free energy functions of density and crystalline order parameters for models of supercooled water, which allows us to examine the possibility of two distinct metastable liquid phases [J. Chem. Phys.…
Glass-forming liquids have been extensively studied in recent decades, but there is still no theory that fully describes these systems, and the diversity of treatments is in itself a barrier to understanding. Here we introduce a new simple…
We introduce a phenomenological theory for a new class of soft active fluids, with the ability to synchronise. Our theoretical framework describes the macroscopic behaviour of a collection of interacting anisotropic elements with cyclic…
We introduce a new mesoscopic model for nematic liquid crystals (LCs). We extend the particle-based stochastic rotation dynamics method, which reproduces the Navier-Stokes equation, to anisotropic fluids by including a simplified…
We introduce shape fluctuations in a liquid-crystalline system by considering an elementary Maier--Saupe lattice model for a mixture of uniaxial and biaxial molecules. Shape variables are treated in the annealed (thermalized) limit. We…
We perform successive umbrella sampling grand canonical Monte Carlo computer simulations of the original ST2 model of water in the vicinity of the proposed liquid-liquid critical point, at temperatures above and below the critical…
Continuum models of plasticity fail to capture the richness of microstructural evolution because the continuum is a homogeneous construction. The present study shows that an alternative way is available at the mesoscale in the form of truly…
There are at least three fundamental states of matter, depending upon temperature and pressure: gas, liquid, and solid (crystal). These states are separated by first-order phase transitions between them. In both gas and liquid phases the…
When liquid-crystal elastomers are prepared without any alignment, disordered polydomain structures emerge as the materials are cooled into the nematic phase. These polydomain structures have been attributed to quenched disorder in the…
The thermodynamic properties of nuclei are studied in a mean field model using a Skryme interaction. Properties of two component systems are investigated over the complete range of proton fraction from a system of pure neutrons to a system…
Two roads are presently being followed in order to establish the existence of a liquid-gas phase transition in finite nuclear systems from nuclear reactions at high energy. The clean experiment of observing the thermodynamic properties of a…
We study the phase behaviour of a fluid composed of particles which interact via a pair potential that is repulsive for large inter-particle distances, is attractive at intermediate distances and is strongly repulsive at short distances…
The BCF theory of crystal growth has been successful in describing a wide range of phenomena in surface physics. Typical crystal surfaces are slightly misoriented with respect to a facet plane; thus, the BCF theory views such systems as…
Glass-to-glass and liquid-to-liquid phase transitions are observed in bulk and confined water, with or without applied pressure. They result from the competition of two liquid phases separated by an enthalpy difference depending on…
Despite decades of intense study, the mechanisms underlying the extraordinary dynamics of supercooled liquids as they approach the glass transition remain, at best, mis-characterized, and at worst, misunderstood. A long standing endeavor is…
The random first-order transition (RFOT) theory of the structural glass transition is reviewed in a pedagogical fashion. The rigidity that emerges in crystals and glassy liquids is of the same fundamental origin. In both cases, it…
A mean-field model to describe electron transfer processes in ion-molecule collisions at the $\hbar =0$ level is presented and applied to collisions involving water and ammonia molecules. Multicenter model potentials account for the…
The main aim of the paper is to investigate the transitions of the thermohaline circulation in a spherical shell in a parameter regime which only allows transitions to multiple equilibria. We find that the first transition is either…
The Liouville theorem is a fundamental concept in understanding the properties of systems that adhere to Hamilton's equations. However, the traditional notion of the theorem may not always apply. Specifically, when the entropy gradient in…