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Defining the electric and magnetic field vectors in curved spacetime requires a proper choice of the observer's frame four-vector. Related literature shows that this fundamental issue in physics still needs to be properly resolved. In…
The radio technique for the detection of high energy cosmic rays consists in measuring the electric field created by the particle showers created inside a medium by the primary cosmic ray. The electric field is then used to infer the…
Magnetic fields are responsible for a multitude of Solar phenomena, including such destructive events as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, with the number of such events rising as we approach the peak of the 11-year solar cycle, in…
In connection with the exit of mankind and its production into open space, the problem of the nature of solar wind (SW) is acute. We have proved that a nonequilibrium inhomogeneous giant gas discharge with huge values of the E/N parameter,…
Early magnetographic observations indicated that magnetic field in the solar photosphere has unresolved small-scale structure. Near-infrared and optical data with extremely high spatial resolution show that these structures have scales of…
We present a series of radiative MHD simulations addressing the origin and distribution of mixed polarity magnetic field in the solar photosphere. To this end we consider numerical simulations that cover the uppermost 2-6 Mm of the solar…
A two-dimensional particle-in-cell code for simulation of low-frequency electromagnetic processes in laboratory plasmas has been developed. The code uses the Darwin method omitting the electromagnetic wave propagation. The Darwin method…
A fresh approach to the full wave analysis of time evolution of the polarization induced in the electromagnetic scattering from dispersive non magnetic particles is presented. It is grounded on the combination of the Hopfield model for the…
Electric-dipole radiation has the well-known far-field solutions of transverse electric and magnetic (TEM) fields with peak values propagating normal to (and going to zero along) the dipole axis. The calculation of these electromagnetic…
The time-dependent surface flux (t-SURFF) method is introduced for computing of strong-field infrared photo-ionization spectra of atoms by numerically solving the time-dependent Schr\"odinger equation on minimal simulation volumes. The…
Observations of the Sun in the visible spectral range belong to standard measurements obtained by instruments both on the ground and in the space. Nowadays, both nearly continuous full-disc observations with medium resolution and dedicated…
We study the low-energy quantum electrodynamics of electrons and holes, in a thin graphene wire. We develop an effective field theory (EFT) based on an expansion in p/p_T, where p_T is the typical momentum of electrons and holes in the…
The Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) has just started producing data that will help determine what the sources and mechanisms of variability in the Sun's interior are. The instrument measures the Doppler shift and the polarization of…
We present a systematic geometric framework for the dimensional reduction of classical electromagnetism based on the concept of descent along vector fields of invariance. By exploring the interplay between the Lie derivative and the Hodge…
A multi-line Bayesian analysis of the Zeeman broadening in the solar atmosphere is presented. A hierarchical probabilistic model, based on the simple but realistic Milne-Eddington approximation to the solution of the radiative transfer…
This work studies time-dependent electromagnetic scattering from obstacles whose interaction with the wave is fully determined by a nonlinear boundary condition. In particular, the boundary condition studied in this work enforces a power…
The joint analysis of the Dispersion and Faraday Rotation Measure from distant, polarised Fast Radio Bursts may be used to put constraints on the origin and distribution of extragalactic magnetic fields on cosmological scales. While the…
In this work, I study the mixing of photons with pseudoscalar particles and vice-versa in the presence of an external magnetic field and a pseudoscalar field. I solve exactly for the first time in the literature the equations of motion of…
This letter proposes a new method based on ultrafast high energy electron radiography to diagnose transient electromagnetic field. For the traditional methods, large scattering from matter will increase the uncertainty of measurement, but…
Solar flare hard X-ray spectroscopy serves as a key diagnostic of the accelerated electron spectrum. However, the standard approach using the collisional cold thick-target model poorly constrains the lower-energy part of the accelerated…