Related papers: Statistical Laws in Urban Mobility from microscopi…
Social physics is the application of ideas, concepts and tools from physics to study social phenomena. In this article, we present a mechanical theory underlying a mathematical treatment of social physics. We explore the possibility of…
Graphity models are characterized by configuration spaces in which states correspond to graphs and Hamiltonians that depend on local properties of graphs such as the degrees of vertices and numbers of short cycles. As statistical systems,…
In shared space environments, urban space is shared among different types of road users, who frequently interact with each other to negotiate priority and coordinate their trajectories. Instead of traffic rules, interactions among them are…
The observed general time-asymmetric behavior of macroscopic systems -- embodied in the second law of thermodynamics -- arises naturally from time-symmetric microscopic laws due to the great disparity between macro and micro-scales. More…
There exists a wide variety of works on the dynamics of large populations ranging from simple heuristic modeling to those based on advanced computer supported methods. Their interconnections, however, remain mostly vague, which…
Understanding the movement behaviours of individuals and the way they react to the external world is a key component of any problem that involves the modelling of human dynamics at a physical level. In particular, it is crucial to capture…
In this chapter, we discuss urban mobility from a complexity science perspective. First, we give an overview of the datasets that enable this approach, such as mobile phone records, location-based social network traces, or GPS trajectories…
A driving algorithm that aligns with good human driving practices, or at the very least collaborates effectively with human drivers, is crucial for developing safe and efficient autonomous vehicles. In practice, two main approaches are…
Containing the spreading of crime in urban societies remains a major challenge. Empirical evidence suggests that, left unchecked, crimes may be recurrent and proliferate. On the other hand, eradicating a culture of crime may be difficult,…
We present a new class of macroscopic models for pedestrian flows. Each individual is assumed to move towards a fixed target, deviating from the best path according to the instantaneous crowd distribution. The resulting equation is a…
This study introduces a statistical mechanics framework to analyze the territorial distribution of the Resident Foreign Population across Italian municipalities. The observed percentages of foreign residents are treated as the reference…
Different models of random walks on the dual graphs of compact urban structures are considered. Analysis of access times between streets helps to detect the city modularity. The statistical mechanics approach to the ensembles of lazy random…
In a macroscopic (quantum or classical) Hamiltonian system, we prove the second law of thermodynamics in the forms of the minimum work principle and the law of entropy increase, under the assumption that the initial state is described by a…
Due to the inherent safety concerns associated with traffic movement in unconstrained two-dimensional settings, it is important that pedestrians' and other modes' movements such as bicyclists are modeled as a risk-taking stochastic dynamic…
The behavior of pedestrians shows certain regularities, which can be described by quantitative (partly stochastic) models. The models are based on the behavior of individual pedestrians, which depends on the pedestrian intentions and on the…
Traffic waves can rise even from single lane car-following behaviour. To better understand and mitigate traffic waves, it is necessary to use analytical tools like mathematical models, data analysis, and micro-simulations that can capture…
We present a thermodynamic theory for a generic population of $M$ individuals distributed into $N$ groups (clusters). We construct the ensemble of all distributions with fixed $M$ and $N$, introduce a selection functional that embodies the…
It was recently found that the Social Force Model of pedestrian dynamics in a macroscopic limit for 1d movement does not reproduce the empirically found inflection point of the speed-density relation. It could be shown that, however, a…
The information collected by mobile phone operators can be considered as the most detailed information on human mobility across a large part of the population. The study of the dynamics of human mobility using the collected geolocations of…
Fundamental laws of human mobility have been extensively studied, yet we are still lacking a comprehensive understanding of the mobility patterns of sharing conveyances. Since travellers would highly probably no longer possess their own…