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Optomechanical systems have been exploited in ultrasensitive measurements of force, acceleration, and magnetic fields. The fundamental limits for optomechanical sensing have been extensively studied and now well understood -- the intrinsic…

Recent experimental progress in table-top experiments or gravitational-wave interferometers has enlightened the unique displacement sensitivity offered by optical interferometry. As the mirrors move in response to radiation pressure, higher…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 O. Arcizet , P. -F. Cohadon , T. Briant , M. Pinard , A. Heidmann

We report a quantum measurement beyond the standard quantum limit (SQL) for the amplitude of a small displacement acting on a cavity field. This measurement uses as resource an entangled mesoscopic state, prepared by the resonant…

Quantum interferometers offer phase measurement capabilities that surpass the standard quantum limit (SQL), with phase sensitivity and quantum enhancement factor serving as key performance metrics. However, practical implementations face…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-27 Jie Zhao , Zeliang Wu , Haoran Liu , Yueya Liu , Xin Chen , Xinyun Liang , Wenfeng Huang , Chun-Hua Yuan , L. Q. Chen

Molecular optomechanical cavities have recently emerged as a promising platform for frequency upconversion, enabling the quantum coherent conversion of infrared signal into the visible range. In a recent work [F. Zou et al., Phys. Rev.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Fen Zou , Shu-Xian Quan , Yong Li , Hui Dong

Quantum noise limits the sensitivity of laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. Given the state-of-the-art optics, the optical losses define the lower bound of the best possible quantum-limited detector sensitivity. In this…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-17 Teng Zhang , Joe Bentley , Haixing Miao

We demonstrate sub-femtometer displacement-sensing results achieved with a compact optical resonator-based laser interferometry technique called heterodyne cavity-tracking, intended for local displacement or inertial sensing with ultra-high…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-06 Shreevathsa Chalathadka Subrahmanya , Jonathan Joseph Carter , Oliver Gerberding

Interferometers are crucial for precision measurements, including gravitational waves, laser ranging, radar, and imaging. The phase sensitivity, the core parameter, can be quantum-enhanced to break the standard quantum limit (SQL) using…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-22 Wenfeng Huang , Xinyun Liang , Baiqiang Zhu , Yuhan Yan , Chun-Hua Yuan , Weiping Zhang , Liqing Chen

The sensitivity in interferometric measurements such as gravitational-wave detectors is ultimately limited by quantum noise of light. We discuss the use of feedback mechanisms to reduce the quantum effects of radiation pressure. Recent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 A Heidmann , J. -M. Courty , M. Pinard , J. Lebars

In recent years microfabricated microwave cavities have been extremely successful in a wide variety of detector applications. In this article we focus this technology on the challenge of quantum-limited displacement detection of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 C. A. Regal , J. D. Teufel , K. W. Lehnert

We theoretically investigate quantum measurement noise in a hybrid optomechanical system, focusing on radiation pressure back action and its impact on force sensing. The setup consists of an optomechanical cavity with a movable mirror, a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-24 Alolika Roy , Amarendra K. Sarma

We report on the experimental combination of three advanced interferometer techniques for gravitational wave detection, namely power-recycling, detuned signal-recycling and squeezed field injection. For the first time we experimentally…

The low-noise amplification of weak microwave signals is crucial for countless protocols in quantum information processing. Quantum mechanics sets an ultimate lower limit of half a photon to the added input noise for phase-preserving…

The most efficient approach to laser interferometric force sensing to date uses monochromatic carrier light with its signal sideband spectrum in a squeezed vacuum state. Quantum decoherence, i.e. mixing with an ordinary vacuum state due to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-11 Mikhail Korobko , Jan Südbeck , Sebastian Steinlechner , Roman Schnabel

Application of frequency-dependent squeezed vacuum improves the force sensitivity of optomechanical interferometer beyond the standard quantum limit by a factor of $e^{-r}$, where $r$ is the squeezing parameter. In this work, we show that…

Optics · Physics 2023-01-10 Sreeshna Subhash , Sanket Das , Tarak Nath Dey , Yong Li , Sankar Davuluri

We study the quantum limits in an optomechanical sensor based on a detuned high-finesse cavity with a movable mirror. We show that the radiation pressure exerted on the mirror by the light in the detuned cavity induces a modification of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Olivier Arcizet , Tristan Briant , Antoine Heidmann , Michel Pinard

It has been predicted and experimentally demonstrated that by injecting squeezed light into an optomechanical device it is possible to enhance the precision of a position measurement. Here, we present a fundamentally different approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-12-16 V. Peano , H. G. L. Schwefel , Ch. Marquardt , F. Marquardt

Differential wavefront sensing is an essential technique for optimising the performance of many precision interferometric experiments. Perhaps the most extensive application of this is for alignment sensing using radio-frequency beats…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-05-26 Daniel D. Brown , Huy Tuong Cao , Alexei Ciobanu , Peter Veitch , David Ottaway

Quantum fluctuation of light limits the sensitivity of advanced laser interferometric gravitational-wave detectors. It is one of the principal obstacles on the way towards the next-generation gravitational-wave observatories. The envisioned…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-05-08 Stefan L. Danilishin , Farid Ya. Khalili , Haixing Miao

The quantum nature of the electromagnetic field imposes a fundamental limit on the sensitivity of optical precision measurements such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and interferometry. The so-called quantum limit is set by the zero-point…