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Deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) students face significant barriers in accessing science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, notably due to the scarcity of STEM resources in signed languages. To help address this, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Kayo Yin , Chinmay Singh , Fyodor O. Minakov , Vanessa Milan , Hal Daumé , Cyril Zhang , Alex X. Lu , Danielle Bragg

We are releasing a dataset containing videos of both fluent and non-fluent signers using American Sign Language (ASL), which were collected using a Kinect v2 sensor. This dataset was collected as a part of a project to develop and evaluate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-11 Saad Hassan , Matthew Seita , Larwan Berke , Yingli Tian , Elaine Gale , Sooyeon Lee , Matt Huenerfauth

The average uncertainty associated with words is an information-theoretic concept at the heart of quantitative and computational linguistics. The entropy has been established as a measure of this average uncertainty - also called average…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-06-23 Christian Bentz , Dimitrios Alikaniotis

Signed Language Processing (SLP) concerns the automated processing of signed languages, the main means of communication of Deaf and hearing impaired individuals. SLP features many different tasks, ranging from sign recognition to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Federico Tavella , Viktor Schlegel , Marta Romeo , Aphrodite Galata , Angelo Cangelosi

We evaluated the impact of changing the observation scale over the entropy measures for text descriptions. MIDI coded Music, computer code and two human natural languages were studied at the scale of characters, words, and at the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-01-13 Gerardo Febres , Klaus Jaffe

The American Sign Language Linguistic Research Project (ASLLRP) provides Internet access to high-quality ASL video data, generally including front and side views and a close-up of the face. The manual and non-manual components of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-21 Carol Neidle , Augustine Opoku , Dimitris Metaxas

Existing training criteria in automatic speech recognition(ASR) permit the model to freely explore more than one time alignments between the feature and label sequences. In this paper, we use entropy to measure a model's uncertainty, i.e.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-26 Ehsan Variani , Ke Wu , David Rybach , Cyril Allauzen , Michael Riley

Handshapes serve a fundamental phonological role in signed languages, with American Sign Language employing approximately 50 distinct shapes. However,computational approaches rarely model handshapes explicitly, limiting both recognition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Alessa Carbo , Eric Nalisnick

Sign language translation is one of the important issues in communication between deaf and hearing people, as it expresses words through hand, body, and mouth movements. American Sign Language is one of the sign languages used, one of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Gregorius Guntur Sunardi Putra , Adifa Widyadhani Chanda D'Layla , Dimas Wahono , Riyanarto Sarno , Agus Tri Haryono

Recent theoretical advancement of information density in natural language has brought the following question on desk: To what degree does natural language exhibit periodicity pattern in its encoded information? We address this question by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Yulin Ou , Yu Wang , Yang Xu , Hendrik Buschmeier

The primary concern of this research is to take American Sign Language (ASL) data through real time camera footage and be able to convert the data and information into text. Adding to that, we are also putting focus on creating a framework…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Hasnat Jamil Bhuiyan , Mubtasim Fuad Mozumder , Md. Rabiul Islam Khan , Md. Sabbir Ahmed , Nabuat Zaman Nahim

Widespread LLM adoption has introduced characteristic repetitive phraseology, termed "slop," which degrades output quality and makes AI-generated text immediately recognizable. We present Antislop, a comprehensive framework providing tools…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Samuel Paech , Allen Roush , Judah Goldfeder , Ravid Shwartz-Ziv

We present a new algorithm to model and investigate the learning process of a learner mastering a set of grammatical rules from an inconsistent source. The compelling interest of human language acquisition is that the learning succeeds in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Yelena Mandelshtam , Natalia Komarova

Human language has a distinct systematic structure, where utterances break into individually meaningful words which are combined to form phrases. We show that natural-language-like systematicity arises in codes that are constrained by a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Richard Futrell , Michael Hahn

The entropy rate of printed English is famously estimated to be about one bit per character, a benchmark that modern large language models (LLMs) have only recently approached. This entropy rate implies that English contains nearly 80…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Weishun Zhong , Doron Sivan , Tankut Can , Mikhail Katkov , Misha Tsodyks

The past decade has seen great advancements in speech recognition for control of interactive devices, personal assistants, and computer interfaces. However, Deaf and hard-ofhearing (HoH) individuals, whose primary mode of communication is…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-19 Emre Kurtoglu , Ali C. Gurbuz , Evie A. Malaia , Darrin Griffin , Chris Crawford , Sevgi Z. Gurbuz

Helping deaf and hard-of-hearing people communicate more easily is the main goal of Automatic Sign Language Translation. Although most past research has focused on turning sign language into text, doing the reverse, turning spoken English…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Kazi Mahathir Rahman , Naveed Imtiaz Nafis , Md. Farhan Sadik , Mohammad Al Rafi , Mehedi Hasan Shahed

Today's probabilistic language generators fall short when it comes to producing coherent and fluent text despite the fact that the underlying models perform well under standard metrics, e.g., perplexity. This discrepancy has puzzled the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Clara Meister , Tiago Pimentel , Gian Wiher , Ryan Cotterell

This study presents a novel approach for enhancing American Sign Language (ASL) recognition using Graph Convolutional Networks (GCNs) integrated with successive residual connections. The method leverages the MediaPipe framework to extract…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Ushnish Sarkar , Archisman Chakraborti , Tapas Samanta , Sarbajit Pal , Amitabha Das

Sign language, which conveys meaning through gestures, is the chief means of communication among deaf people. Recognizing sign language in natural settings presents significant challenges due to factors such as lighting, background clutter,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Bowen Shi