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Decision trees (DTs) epitomize what have become to be known as interpretable machine learning (ML) models. This is informally motivated by paths in DTs being often much smaller than the total number of features. This paper shows that in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Yacine Izza , Alexey Ignatiev , Joao Marques-Silva

Interpretable Machine Learning faces a recurring challenge of explaining the predictions made by opaque classifiers such as ensemble models, kernel methods, or neural networks in terms that are understandable to humans. When the model is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Frederic Koriche , Jean-Marie Lagniez , Stefan Mengel , Chi Tran

In the supervised classification setting, during inference, deep networks typically make multiple predictions. For a pair of such predictions (that are in the top-k predictions), two distinct possibilities might occur. On the one hand, each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Nuthan Mummani , Simran Ketha , Venkatakrishnan Ramaswamy

This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical investigation into the parameterized complexity of explanation problems in various machine learning (ML) models. Contrary to the prevalent black-box perception, our study focuses on models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Sebastian Ordyniak , Giacomo Paesani , Mateusz Rychlicki , Stefan Szeider

Interpretable machine learning offers insights into what factors drive a certain prediction of a black-box system. A large number of interpreting methods focus on identifying explanatory input features, which generally fall into two main…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Vy Vo , Van Nguyen , Trung Le , Quan Hung Tran , Gholamreza Haffari , Seyit Camtepe , Dinh Phung

In conventional supervised learning, a training dataset is given with ground-truth labels from a known label set, and the learned model will classify unseen instances to known labels. This paper studies a new problem setting in which there…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Peng Zhao , Jia-Wei Shan , Yu-Jie Zhang , Zhi-Hua Zhou

Deploying machine learning models in safety-related do-mains (e.g. autonomous driving, medical diagnosis) demands for approaches that are explainable, robust against adversarial attacks and aware of the model uncertainty. Recent deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Jan Kronenberger , Anselm Haselhoff

With the prevalence of deep learning based embedding approaches, recommender systems have become a proven and indispensable tool in various information filtering applications. However, many of them remain difficult to diagnose what aspects…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-10-29 Yao Zhou , Haonan Wang , Jingrui He , Haixun Wang

In this paper we propose a method to obtain global explanations for trained black-box classifiers by sampling their decision function to learn alternative interpretable models. The envisaged approach provides a unified solution to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-26 Irene Unceta , Jordi Nin , Oriol Pujol

Contrastive explanations clarify why an event occurred in contrast to another. They are more inherently intuitive to humans to both produce and comprehend. We propose a methodology to produce contrastive explanations for classification…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Alon Jacovi , Swabha Swayamdipta , Shauli Ravfogel , Yanai Elazar , Yejin Choi , Yoav Goldberg

Decision trees are widely used for interpretable machine learning due to their clearly structured reasoning process. However, this structure belies a challenge we refer to as predictive equivalence: a given tree's decision boundary can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Hayden McTavish , Zachery Boner , Jon Donnelly , Margo Seltzer , Cynthia Rudin

The vast majority of research on explainability focuses on post-explainability rather than explainable modeling. Namely, an explanation model is derived to explain a complex black box model built with the sole purpose of achieving the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Gabriel Terejanu , Jawad Chowdhury , Rezaur Rashid , Asif Chowdhury

We are used to the availability of big data generated in nearly all fields of science as a consequence of technological progress. However, the analysis of such data possess vast challenges. One of these relates to the explainability of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Frank Emmert-Streib , Olli Yli-Harja , Matthias Dehmer

Decisions in organizations are about evaluating alternatives and choosing the one that would best serve organizational goals. To the extent that the evaluation of alternatives could be formulated as a predictive task with appropriate…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-06-30 Charles Wan , Rodrigo Belo , Leid Zejnilović

Although deep learning models are powerful among various applications, most deep learning models are still a black box, lacking verifiability and interpretability, which means the decision-making process that human beings cannot understand.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-29 Qianmengke Zhao , Ye Wang , Qun Liu

A random forest prediction can be computed by the scalar product of the labels of the training examples and a set of weights that are determined by the leafs of the forest into which the test object falls; each prediction can hence be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Henrik Boström

This paper presents a comprehensive theoretical investigation into the parameterized complexity of explanation problems in various machine learning (ML) models. Contrary to the prevalent black-box perception, our study focuses on models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Sebastian Ordyniak , Giacomo Paesani , Mateusz Rychlicki , Stefan Szeider

State of the art machine learning algorithms are highly optimized to provide the optimal prediction possible, naturally resulting in complex models. While these models often outperform simpler more interpretable models by order of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-11-24 Yotam Hechtlinger

Multi-label classification is a challenging task, particularly in domains where the number of labels to be predicted is large. Deep neural networks are often effective at multi-label classification of images and textual data. When dealing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Nikolaos Mylonas , Ioannis Mollas , Nick Bassiliades , Grigorios Tsoumakas

Predictive models are omnipresent in automated and assisted decision making scenarios. But for the most part they are used as black boxes which output a prediction without understanding partially or even completely how different features…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-07-02 Jaspreet Singh , Avishek Anand