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We study the polynomial algebra (over a ring containing the rationals) in an n by m matrix of variables, and subject to the relation that says that the product of any two variables in the same column is zero. We show that the sub-algebra of…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2018-12-19 Eduardo Dubuc , Anders Kock

In this short note, we prove a formula for the group inverse of a block matrix and consider the pseudo principal pivot transform expressed in terms of group inverses. Extensions of the usual principal pivot transform, where the usual…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2016-05-09 Kavita Bisht , K. C. Sivakumar

Any representation of data involves arbitrary investigator choices. Because those choices are external to the data-generating process, each choice leads to an exact symmetry, corresponding to the group of transformations that takes one…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-29 Soledad Villar , David W. Hogg , Weichi Yao , George A. Kevrekidis , Bernhard Schölkopf

Compared to the entrywise transforms which preserve positive semidefiniteness, those leaving invariant the inertia of symmetric matrices reveal a surprising rigidity. We first obtain the classification of negativity preservers by combining…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Alexander Belton , Dominique Guillot , Apoorva Khare , Mihai Putinar

Let $G$ be an undirected graph on $n$ vertices and let $S(G)$ be the set of all $n \times n$ real symmetric matrices whose nonzero off-diagonal entries occur in exactly the positions corresponding to the edges of $G$. The inverse eigenvalue…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2014-01-10 Polona Oblak , Helena Šmigoc

Motivated by the fact that twice the Fourier transform plays the role of parity operator. We systematically study integral transforms in the case of $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonian. First, we obtain a closed analytical formula for the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-15 M. W. AlMasri , M. R. B. Wahiddin

The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate the question of invertibility of the sum of operators. The setting is bounded and unbounded linear operators. Some interesting examples and consequences are given. As an illustrative…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2018-10-04 Mohammed Hichem Mortad

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the Moore-Penrose pseudo-inversion of symmetric real matrices with application in the graph theory. We introduce a novel concept of positively and negatively pseudo-inverse matrices and graphs. We…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-03 Sona Pavlikova , Daniel Sevcovic

We provide a complete structure theorem for involutory matrices. This yields a new approach to principal angles between subspaces and provide a series of nice formulae for these angles.

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Jean-Christophe Bourin , Eun-Young Lee

Discussed here are the effects of basics graph transformations on the spectra of associated quantum graphs. In particular it is shown that under an edge switch the spectrum of the transformed Schr\"odinger operator is interlaced with that…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2022-01-25 Michael Aizenman , Holger Schanz , Uzy Smilansky , Simone Warzel

In this short note, we prove some basic results on pseudo Schur complement and the pseudo principal pivot transform of a block matrix. Pseudo Schur complement and pseudo principal pivot ransform are extensions of the Schur complement and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2015-04-20 Kavita Bisht , K. C. Sivakumar

We investigate the integrability of polynomial vector fields through the lens of duality in parameter spaces. We examine formal power series solutions annihilated by differential operators and explore the properties of the integrability…

Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems · Physics 2024-11-22 Tatjana Petek , Valery Romanovski

Let $A$ be a permutation invariant random matrix and $B$ another random matrix. We give a quantitative bound on the difference between the diagonal of the resolvent of $A+B$ and the diagonal of the resolvent of the free sum with…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Alexis Imbert

This paper deals with spectral graph theory issues related to questions of monotonicity and comparison of eigenvalues. We consider finite directed graphs with non symmetric edge weights and we introduce a special self-adjoint operator as…

Spectral Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-25 Marwa Balti

We give a complete invariant for shift equivalence for Boolean matrices (equivalently finite relations), in terms of the period, the induced partial order on recurrent components, and the cohomology class of the relation on those…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2025-03-14 Ethan Akin , Marian Mrozek , Mateusz Przybylski , Jim Wiseman

We consider changes in properties of a subgraph of an infinite graph resulting from the addition of open edges of Bernoulli percolation on the infinite graph to the subgraph. We give the triplet of an infinite graph, one of its subgraphs,…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Kazuki Okamura

We investigate the influence of the projective invariance on the renormalization properties of the theory. One-loop counterterms are calculated in the most general case of interaction of gravity with scalar field.

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-04-06 M. Yu. Kalmykov , P. I. Pronin , K. V. Stepanyantz

A hollow matrix described by a graph $G$ is a real symmetric matrix having all diagonal entries equal to zero and with the off-diagonal entries governed by the adjacencies in $G$. For a given graph $G$, the determination of all possible…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-23 F. Scott Dahlgren , Zachary Gershkoff , Leslie Hogben , Sara Motlaghian , Derek Young

A logic of reciprocity between inertial frames in relative uniform motion is investigated. Relativity allows any reference frame to apply Lorentz Transformation while reciprocity would require the relative frame to use Inverse…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Chao Y. Yang

The paper gives a thorough introduction to spectra of digraphs via its Hermitian adjacency matrix. This matrix is indexed by the vertices of the digraph, and the entry corresponding to an arc from $x$ to $y$ is equal to the complex unity…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-05-07 Krystal Guo , Bojan Mohar