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We address the problem of verifying the satisfiability of Constrained Horn Clauses (CHCs) based on theories of inductively defined data structures, such as lists and trees. We propose a transformation technique whose objective is the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-10-23 Emanuele De Angelis , Fabio Fioravanti , Alberto Pettorossi , Maurizio Proietti

Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful candidates for complex decision-making, leveraging vast encoded knowledge and remarkable zero-shot abilities. However, their adoption in high-stakes environments is hindered by their opacity; their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-12 Sahil Wadhwa , Himanshu Kumar , Guanqun Yang , Abbaas Alif Mohamed Nishar , Pranab Mohanty , Swapnil Shinde , Yue Wu

Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) and SAT solvers are critical components in many formal software tools, primarily due to the fact that they are able to easily solve logical problem instances with millions of variables and clauses. This…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2021-09-06 Gereon Kremer , Erika Abraham , Vijay Ganesh

Traditional Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems employ brute-force inner product search to retrieve the top-k most similar documents, then combined with the user query and passed to a language model. This allows the model to access…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Chia-Heng Yu , Yen-Lung Tsai

Chain-of-thought (CoT), tree-of-thought (ToT), and related techniques work surprisingly well in practice for some complex reasoning tasks with Large Language Models (LLMs), but why? This work seeks the underlying reasons by conducting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Liwei Kang , Zirui Zhao , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

In this work we propose and analyze a simple randomized algorithm to find a satisfiable assignment for a Boolean formula in conjunctive normal form (CNF) having at most 3 literals in every clause. Given a k-CNF formula phi on n variables,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-08-11 Subhas Kumar Ghosh , Janardan Misra

For a given graph $G$, a depth-first search (DFS) tree $T$ of $G$ is an $r$-rooted spanning tree such that every edge of $G$ is either an edge of $T$ or is between a \textit{descendant} and an \textit{ancestor} in $T$. A graph $G$ together…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-07-21 Emmanuel Sam , Benjamin Bergougnoux , Petr A. Golovach , Nello Blaser

This paper tightens the best known analysis of Hein's 1989 algorithm to infer the topology of a weighted tree based on the lengths of paths between its leaves. It shows that the number of length queries required for a degree-$k$ tree of $n$…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Jack Gardiner , Lachlan L. H. Andrew , Junhao Gan , Jean Honorio , Seeun William Umboh

A model of computation for which reasonable yet still incomplete lower bounds are known is the read-once branching program. Here variants of complexity measures successful in the study of read-once branching programs are defined and…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Yaqiao Li , Pierre McKenzie

Within the tensor singular value decomposition (T-SVD) framework, existing robust low-rank tensor completion approaches have made great achievements in various areas of science and engineering. Nevertheless, these methods involve the T-SVD…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Wenjin Qin , Hailin Wang , Feng Zhang , Weijun Ma , Jianjun Wang , Tingwen Huang

Formal theorem proving (FTP) has emerged as a critical foundation for evaluating the reasoning capabilities of large language models, enabling automated verification of mathematical proofs at scale. However, progress has been constrained by…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Terry Jingchen Zhang , Wenyuan Jiang , Rongchuan Liu , Yisong Wang , Junran Yang , Ning Wang , Nicole Ni , Yinya Huang , Mrinmaya Sachan

Over the past decade, a long line of research has investigated the distributed complexity landscape of locally checkable labeling (LCL) problems on bounded-degree graphs, culminating in an almost-complete classification on general graphs…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Alkida Balliu , Sebastian Brandt , Fabian Kuhn , Dennis Olivetti , Gustav Schmid

We carry out a proof theoretic analysis of the wellfoundedness of recursive path orders in an abstract setting. We outline a very general termination principle and extract from its wellfoundedness proof subrecursive bounds on the size of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-02-25 Thomas Powell

A classical question of propositional logic is one of the shortest proof of a tautology. A related fundamental problem is to determine the relative efficiency of standard proof systems, where the relative complexity is measured using the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Olga Tveretina

We prove that the problem of deciding the consequence relation of the full Lambek calculus with weakening is complete for the class HAck of hyper-Ackermannian problems (i.e., level F_{\omega}^{\omega} of the ordinal-indexed hierarchy of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Vitor Greati , Revantha Ramanayake

We propose a new numerical algorithm for computing the tensor rank decomposition or canonical polyadic decomposition of higher-order tensors subject to a rank and genericity constraint. Reformulating this computational problem as a system…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-02 Simon Telen , Nick Vannieuwenhoven

Rank-constrained optimization problems have received an increasing intensity of interest recently, because many optimization problems in communications and signal processing applications can be cast into a rank-constrained optimization…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-20 Hao Yu , Vincent K. N. Lau

Our aim is to prove that if T is a complete first order theory, which is not superstable (no knowledge on this notion is required), included in a theory T_1 then for any lambda > |T_1| there are 2^lambda models of T_1 such that for any two…

Logic · Mathematics 2026-05-07 Saharon Shelah

In this paper we present a combination framework for polynomial complexity analysis of term rewrite systems. The framework covers both derivational and runtime complexity analysis. We present generalisations of powerful complexity…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2013-02-06 Martin Avanzini , Georg Moser

We show that some natural problems that are XNLP-hard (which implies W[t]-hardness for all t) when parameterized by pathwidth or treewidth, become FPT when parameterized by stable gonality, a novel graph parameter based on optimal maps from…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Hans L. Bodlaender , Gunther Cornelissen , Marieke van der Wegen