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Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) are a powerful tool for detecting unseen companions in systems with known transiting exoplanets and for characterizing their masses and orbital properties. Large-scale and homogeneous TTV analyses are a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-01-14 Luca Naponiello

We present the results of an extensive study of the detectability of Earth-sized planets and super-Earths in the habitable zones of cool and low-mass stars using transit timing variation method. We have considered a system consisting of a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-28 Nader Haghighipour , Sabrina Kirste

Transit Timing Variations (TTVs) can provide useful information on compact multi-planetary systems observed by transits, by putting constraints on the masses and eccentricities of the observed planets. This is especially helpful when the…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-24 A. Leleu , J. -B. Delisle , S. Udry , R. Mardling , M. Turbet , J. A. Egger , Y. Alibert , G. Chatel , P. Eggenberger , M. Stalport

Motivated by recent discussions, both in private and in the literature, we use a Monte Carlo simulation of planetary systems to investigate sources of bias in determining the mass-radius distribution of exoplanets for the two primary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-02-03 Jason H. Steffen

Modern theoretical estimates show that with the help of real equipment we are able to detect large satellites of exoplanets (about the size of the Ganymede), although, numerical attempts of direct exomoon detection were unsuccessful. Lots…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-04 K. E. Naydenkin , D. S. Kaparulin

The high planetary multiplicity revealed by Kepler implies that Transit Time Variations (TTVs) are intrinsically common. The usual procedure for detecting these TTVs is biased to long-period, deep transit planets whereas most transiting…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-01-31 Aviv Ofir , Ji-Wei Xie , Chao-Feng Jiang , Re'em Sari , Oded Aharonson

The two most common techniques for measuring planetary masses - the radial velocity (RV) and the transit timing variations (TTVs) techniques - have been observed to yield systematically different masses for planets of similar radii.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-04-19 Sean M. Mills , Tsevi Mazeh

The transit timing variation technique (TTV) has been widely used to detect and characterize multiple planetary systems. Due to the observational biases imposed mainly by the photometric conditions and instrumentation and the high…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-07-14 C. von Essen , S. Cellone , M. Mallonn , B. Tingley , M. Marcussen

The architectures of multiple planet systems can provide valuable constraints on models of planet formation, including orbital migration, and excitation of orbital eccentricities and inclinations. NASA's Kepler mission has identified 1235…

We derive the transit timing variations (TTVs) of two planets near a second order mean motion resonance on nearly circular orbits. We show that the TTVs of each planet are given by sinusoids with a frequency of $j n_2-(j-2)n_1$, where $j…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-05-02 Katherine M. Deck , Eric Agol

Transit timing variations provide a powerful tool for confirming and characterizing transiting planets, as well as detecting non-transiting planets. We report the results an updated TTV analysis for 1481 planet candidates (Borucki et al.…

The discovery of young (<800 Myr) transiting planets has provided a new avenue to explore how planets form and evolve over their lifetimes. Mass measurements for these planets would be invaluable, but radial velocity surveys of young…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-09 Ana Isabel Lopez Murillo , Andrew W. Mann , Madyson G. Barber , Andrew Vanderburg , Pa Chia Thao , Andrew W. Boyle

We consider the potential for the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) to detect transit timing variations (TTVs) during both its nominal and extended mission phases. Building on previous estimates of the overall yield of planetary…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-02 Sam Hadden , Thomas Barclay , Matthew J. Payne , Matthew J. Holman

The determination of planetary densities from the masses derived with the radial velocity (RV) and transit-timing variation (TTV) methods reveals discrepancies. Specifically, planets detected through RV exhibit higher densities than those…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-02-07 V. Adibekyan , S. G. Sousa , S. C. C. Barros , E. Delgado Mena , N. C. Santos , G. Israelian , Zh. Martirosyan , A. A. Hakobyan

Transit timing variations - deviations from strict periodicity between successive passages of a transiting planet - can be used to probe the structure and dynamics of multiple-planet systems. In this paper, we examine prospects for…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Stefano Meschiari , Gregory Laughlin

The mid-transit times of an exoplanet may be non-periodic. The variations in the timing of the transits with respect to a single period, that is, the transit timing variations (TTVs), can sometimes be attributed to perturbations by other…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-12-05 D. D. Carpintero , M. D. Melita

Prospects for expanding the available mass measurements of the Kepler sample are limited. Planet masses have typically been inferred via radial velocity (RV) measurements of the host star or time-series modeling of transit timing variations…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2022-09-21 Jared C. Siegel , Leslie A. Rogers

We conduct a uniform analysis of the transit timing variations (TTVs) of 145 planets from 55 Kepler multiplanet systems to infer planet masses and eccentricities. Eighty of these planets do not have previously reported mass and eccentricity…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-28 Sam Hadden , Yoram Lithwick

Transit timing variations (TTV) are considered a tool for constraining the masses of transiting planets in the absence of radial-velocity data. Although theoretical studies have long revealed that TTV mass determinations intrinsically…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-13 Sheng Jin , Dong-Hong Wu , Xiao-Ling Xu , Jianghui Ji

Transiting exoplanets in multi-planet systems exhibit non-Keplerian orbits as a result of the gravitational influence from companions which can cause the times and durations of transits to vary. The amplitude and periodicity of the transit…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-12-24 Kyle A. Pearson