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The development of micropixel gas detectors, capable to image tracks produced in a gas by photoelectrons, makes possible to perform polarimetry of X-ray celestial sources in the focus of grazing incidence X-ray telescopes. HXMT is a mission…

The maturity of current detectors based on technologies that range from solid state to gases renewed the interest for X-ray polarimetry, raising the enthusiasm of a wide scientific community to improve the performance of polarimeters as…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2018-05-14 Sergio Fabiani

Polarization detection of X-rays is a non-negligible topic to astrophysical observation. Many polarization detection methods have been well developed for X-rays in the energy range below 10~keV, while the detection at 10-30~keV is rarely…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-04-20 Jin Zhang , Xinchen Cai , Yongbo Huang , Qian Liu , Fei Xie , Jin Li , Hong-Bang Liu

Polarization is one of the fundamental natures of electromagnetic radiation. The detection of polarization or polarized photons from distant X-ray radiating systems (such as X-ray binaries (XBs), active galactic nuclei (AGN), pulsars, and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-01-01 Arbind Pradhan , Sree Bhattacherjee , Biplob Sarkar

An X-ray photoelectric polarimeter based on the Gas Pixel Detector has been proposed to be included in many upcoming space missions to fill the gap of about 30 years from the first (and to date only) positive measurement of polarized X-ray…

Polarimetry is widely considered a powerful observational technique in X-ray astronomy, useful to enhance our understanding of the emission mechanisms, geometry and magnetic field arrangement of many compact objects. However, the lack of…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2010-04-28 Ronaldo Bellazzini , Fabio Muleri

Optical phase-array antennas can be used to control not only the angular distribution but also the polarization of fluorescence from quantum emitters. The emission pattern of the resulting system is determined by the properties of the…

Optics · Physics 2015-12-02 Abbas Mohtashami , Clara I. Osorio , A. Femius Koenderink

The polarization of an X-ray beam that produces electrons with velocity components perpendicular to the beam generates an azimuthal distribution of the ejected electrons. We present methods for simulating and for analyzing the angular…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-10 C. G. Montgomery , J. H. Swank

The development of micropixel gas detectors, capable to image tracks produced in a gas by photoelectrons, makes possible to perform polarimetry of X-ray celestial sources in the focus of grazing incidence X-ray telescopes. HXMT is a mission…

X-ray polarimetry has great scientific potential and new experiments, such as X-Calibur, PoGOLite, XIPE, and GEMS, will not only be orders of magnitude more sensitive than previous missions, but also provide the capability to measure…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-03-03 Fabian Kislat , Matthias Beilicke , Qingzhen Guo , Anna Zajczyk , Henric Krawczynski

The measurement of the linear polarization is one of the hot topics of High Energy Astrophysics. Gas detectors based on photoelectric effect have paved the way for the design of sensitive instruments and mission proposals based on them have…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Fabio Muleri

The development of the first X-ray polarimeter, based on the photoelectric effect 20 years ago and implemented thanks to advances in gas amplification structures and readout techniques, had a significant impact in opening a new window for…

We review the tools and procedures for the analysis of the data collected by X-ray photoelectric gas polarimeters, like the ones on-board the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Although many of such tools are in principle common…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2023-04-05 Fabio Muleri

We present a concept of the X-ray imaging system with high angular-resolution and moderate sensitivity. In this concept, a two-dimensional detector, i.e., imager, is put at a slightly out-of-focused position of the focusing mirror, rather…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2019-10-23 Yoshitomo Maeda , Ryo Iizuka , Takayuki Hayashi , Toshiki Sato , Nozomi Nakaniwa , Mai Takeo , Hitomi Suzuki , Manabu Ishida , Shiro Ikeda , Mikio Morii

We report the first results from an X-ray polarimeter with a micropattern gas proportional counter using an amorphous silicon active matrix readout. With 100% polarized X-rays at 4.5 keV, we obtain a modulation factor of 0.33 +/- 0.03,…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2015-06-26 J. K. Black , P. Deines-Jones , S. E. Ready , R. A. Street

The key to photoelectric X-ray polarimetry is the determination of the emission direction of photoelectrons. Because of the low mass of an electron, the ionisation trajectory is not straight and the useful information needed for polarimetry…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2021-09-03 Tenglin Li , Ming Zeng , Hua Feng , Jirong Cang , Hong Li , Heng Zhang , Zhi Zeng , Jianping Cheng , Hao Ma , Yinong Liu

We propose and numerically simulate an optoelectronic compact circular polarimeter. It allows to electrically measure the degree of circular polarization and light intensity at room temperature for a wide range of incidence angles in a…

We present a concept for an imaging gamma-ray polarimeter operating from ~50 MeV to ~1 GeV. Such an instrument would be valuable for the study of high-energy pulsars, active galactic nuclei, supernova remnants, and gamma-ray bursts. The…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 P. F. Bloser , S. D. Hunter , G. O. Depaola , F. Longo

New-generation X-ray polarimeters currently under development promise to open a new window in the study of high-energy astrophysical sources. Among them, neutron stars appear particularly suited for polarization measurements. Radiation from…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-09-24 Roberto Taverna , Roberto Turolla , Denis Gonzalez Caniulef , Silvia Zane , Fabio Muleri , Paolo Soffitta

We present a method for enhancing the sensitivity of X-ray telescopic observations with imaging polarimeters, with a focus on the gas pixel detectors (GPDs) to be flown on the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE). Our analysis…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2020-12-02 A. L. Peirson , R. W. Romani , H. L. Marshall , J. F. Steiner , L. Baldini