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Neural networks are able to approximate any continuous function on a compact set. However, it is not obvious how to quantify the error of the neural network, i.e., the remaining bias between the function and the neural network. Here, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-04 Gero Junike , Marco Oesting

Many real networks are complex and have power-law vertex degree distribution, short diameter, and high clustering. We analyze the network model based on thresholding of the summed vertex weights, which belongs to the class of networks…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Naoki Masuda , Hiroyoshi Miwa , Norio Konno

The power law is useful in describing count phenomena such as network degrees and word frequencies. With a single parameter, it captures the main feature that the frequencies are linear on the log-log scale. Nevertheless, there have been…

Applications · Statistics 2024-07-24 Clement Lee , Emma Eastoe , Aiden Farrell

We derive the sampling properties of random networks based on weights whose pairwise products parameterize independent Bernoulli trials. This enables an understanding of many degree-based network models, in which the structure of realized…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-07 Sofia C. Olhede , Patrick J. Wolfe

Consensus about the universality of the power law feature in complex networks is experiencing profound challenges. To shine fresh light on this controversy, we propose a generic theoretical framework in order to examine the power law…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-05-24 Xiaojun Zhang , Zheng He , Liwei Zhang , Lez Rayman-Bacchus , Yue Xiao , Shuhui Shen

The threshold network model is a type of finite random graphs. In this paper, we introduce a generalized threshold network model. A pair of vertices with random weights is connected by an edge when real-valued functions of the pair of…

Probability · Mathematics 2010-10-12 Yusuke Ide , Norio Konno , Naoki Masuda

When passing from the univariate to the multivariate setting, modelling extremes becomes much more intricate. In this introductory exposition, classical multivariate extreme value theory is presented from the point of view of multivariate…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2024-12-25 Philippe Naveau , Johan Segers

Complex network theory crucially depends on the assumptions made about the degree distribution, while fitting degree distributions to network data is challenging, in particular for scale-free networks with power-law degrees. We present a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2022-12-28 Judith Brugman , Johan S. H. van Leeuwaarden , Clara Stegehuis

The hidden variable formalism (based on the assumption of some intrinsic node parameters) turned out to be a remarkably efficient and powerful approach in describing and analyzing the topology of complex networks. Owing to one of its most…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-08-13 Sámuel G. Balogh , Péter Pollner , Gergely Palla

In extreme value statistics, the peaks-over-threshold method is widely used. The method is based on the generalized Pareto distribution characterizing probabilities of exceedances over high thresholds in $\mathbb {R}^d$. We present a…

Probability · Mathematics 2014-10-17 Ana Ferreira , Laurens de Haan

For most networks, the connection between two nodes is the result of their mutual affinity and attachment. In this paper, we propose a mutual selection model to characterize the weighted networks. By introducing a general mechanism of…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Wen-Xu Wang , Bu Hu , Tao Zhou , Bing-Hong Wang , Yan-Bo Xie

This article describes a complex network model whose weights are proportional to the difference between uniformly distributed ``fitness'' values assigned to the nodes. It is shown both analytically and experimentally that the strength…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2009-11-11 Luciano da Fontoura Costa , Gonzalo Travieso

The degree distributions of complex networks are usually considered to be power law. However, it is not the case for a large number of them. We thus propose a new model able to build random growing networks with (almost) any wanted degree…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Thibaud Trolliet , Frédéric Giroire , Stéphane Pérennes

This paper investigates the use of extreme value theory for modelling the distribution of demand-net-of-wind for capacity adequacy assessment. Extreme value theory approaches are well-established and mathematically justified methods for…

Applications · Statistics 2019-07-31 Amy L Wilson , Stan Zachary

In this paper, we provide finite sample results to assess the consistency of Generalized Pareto regression trees, as tools to perform extreme value regression. The results that we provide are obtained from concentration inequalities, and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Sébastien Farkas , Antoine Heranval , Olivier Lopez , Maud Thomas

We analyze the threshold network model in which a pair of vertices with random weights are connected by an edge when the summation of the weights exceeds a threshold. We prove some convergence theorems and central limit theorems on the…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Norio Konno , Naoki Masuda , Rahul Roy , Anish Sarkar

This article describes a gradient complex network model whose weights are proportional to the difference between uniformly distributed ``fitness'' values assigned to the nodes. It is shown analytically and experimentally that the strength…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2007-05-23 Luciano da Fontoura Costa

The probability distribution of number of ties of an individual in a social network follows a scale-free power-law. However, how this distribution arises has not been conclusively demonstrated in direct analyses of people's actions in…

Physics and Society · Physics 2014-08-25 Lev Muchnik , Sen Pei , Lucas C. Parra , Saulo D. S. Reis , Jose S. Andrade, , Shlomo Havlin , Hernan A. Makse

We bring rigor to the vibrant activity of detecting power laws in empirical degree distributions in real-world networks. We first provide a rigorous definition of power-law distributions, equivalent to the definition of regularly varying…

Physics and Society · Physics 2019-10-23 Ivan Voitalov , Pim van der Hoorn , Remco van der Hofstad , Dmitri Krioukov

It was experimentally observed that the majority of real-world networks follow power law degree distribution. The aim of this paper is to study the algorithmic complexity of such "typical" networks. The contribution of this work is twofold.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-07-10 Paweł Brach , Marek Cygan , Jakub Łącki , Piotr Sankowski
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