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Defects are a useful tool in the study of quantum field theories. This is illustrated in the example of two-dimensional conformal field theories. We describe how defect lines and their junction points appear in the description of symmetries…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2017-08-23 Jürg Fröhlich , Jürgen Fuchs , Ingo Runkel , Christoph Schweigert

This paper gives a systematic account of various metrics on probability distributions (states) and on predicates. These metrics are described in a uniform manner using the validity relation between states and predicates. The standard…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Bart Jacobs , Abraham Westerbaan

A key idea in convex optimization theory is to use well-structured affine functions to approximate general functions, leading to impactful developments in conjugate functions and convex duality theory. This raises the question: what are the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-22 Ningji Wei

We introduce an asymptotic notion of positivity in algebraic geometry that turns out to be related to some high-dimensional convex sets. The dimension of the convex sets grows with the number of birational operations. In the case of complex…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2024-11-20 Yanir A. Rubinstein

Convex algebras, also called (semi)convex sets, are at the heart of modelling probabilistic systems including probabilistic automata. Abstractly, they are the Eilenberg-Moore algebras of the finitely supported distribution monad.…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Ana Sokolova , Harald Woracek

The aim of the present paper is to extend the dualizing object approach to Stone duality to the non-commutative setting of skew Boolean algebras. This continues the study of non-commutative generalizations of different forms of Stone…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-12 Ganna Kudryavtseva

We first present a Priestley-style dualitiy for the classes of algebras that are the algebraic counterpart of some congruential, finitary and filter-distributive logic with theorems. Then we analyze which properties of the dual spaces…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-14 María Esteban , Ramon Jansana

The coexistence relation of quantum effects is a fundamental structure, describing those pairs of experimental events that can be implemented in a single setup. Only in the simplest case of qubit effects an analytic characterization of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-06-06 Teiko Heinosaari , Jukka Kiukas , Daniel Reitzner

In computer science, especially when dealing with quantum computing or other non-standard models of computation, basic notions in probability theory like "a predicate" vary wildly. There seems to be one constant: the only useful example of…

Logic · Mathematics 2020-07-21 Abraham Westerbaan , Bas Westerbaan , John van de Wetering

We describe automorphisms and derivations of the incidence coalgebra $\text{Co}(X,F)$ of the partially ordered set $X$ over a field $F$. In this case, the fact is significantly used that the dual algebra of the coalgebra $\text{Co}(X,F)$ is…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2023-12-12 Piotr Krylov , Askar Tuganbaev

The free algebra adjunction, between the category of algebras of a monad and the underlying category, induces a comonad on the category of algebras. The coalgebras of this comonad are the topic of study in this paper (following earlier…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2015-07-01 Bart Jacobs

While intersections of convex sets are convex, their unions have rather complicated behavior. Some natural contexts where they appear include duality arguments involving boundaries of convex sets and valuations, which have an Euler…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Soohyun Park

Convex support, the mean values of a set of random variables, is central in information theory and statistics. Equally central in quantum information theory are mean values of a set of observables in a finite-dimensional C*-algebra A, which…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-05-17 Stephan Weis

Mutual-visibility sets were motivated by visibility in distributed systems and social networks, and intertwine with several classical mathematical areas. Monotone properties of the variety of mutual-visibility sets, and restrictions of such…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-10 Csilla Bujtás , Sandi Klavžar , Jing Tian

Convex sets appear in various mathematical theories, and are used to define notions such as convex functions and hulls. As an abstraction from the usual definition of convex sets in vector spaces, we formalize in Coq an intrinsic…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Reynald Affeldt , Jacques Garrigue , Takafumi Saikawa

We establish a duality between monads and monadic morphisms in any $(\infty,2)$-category and characterize monadic morphisms in a wide class of examples. This duality unifies several dualities between algebraic structures and their…

Category Theory · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Hadrian Heine

We introduce the notion of one-sided mapping cones of positive linear maps between matrix algebras. These are convex cones of maps that are invariant under compositions by completely positive maps from either the left or right side. The…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2022-11-17 Mark Girard , Seung-Hyeok Kye , Erling Størmer

In this paper we define and study dimension generalized effect algebras (DGEAs), i.e., Dedekind orthocomplete and centrally orthocomplete generalized effect algebras equipped with a dimension equivalence relation. Our theory is a bona fide…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2012-06-15 David J. Foulis , Sylvia Pulmannova

For any real division algebra A of finite dimension greater than one, the signs of the determinants of left multiplication and right multiplication by a non-zero element are shown to form an invariant of A, called its double sign. The…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2011-10-13 Erik Darpö , Ernst Dieterich

The Hilbert space effect algebra is a fundamental mathematical structure which is used to describe unsharp quantum measurements in Ludwig's formulation of quantum mechanics. Each effect represents a quantum (fuzzy) event. The relation of…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2020-10-28 Gyorgy Pal Geher , Peter Semrl