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Let $G$ be a graph with adjacency matrix $A(G)$. We conjecture that \[2n^+(G) \le n^-(G)(n^-(G) + 1),\] where $n^+(G)$ and $n^-(G)$ denote the number of positive and negative eigenvalues of $A(G)$, respectively. This conjecture generalizes…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-23 Saieed Akbari , Clive Elphick , Hitesh Kumar , Shivaramakrishna Pragada , Quanyu Tang

A metrized graph is a compact singular 1-manifold endowed with a metric. A given metrized graph can be modelled by a family of weighted combinatorial graphs. If one chooses a sequence of models from this family such that the vertices become…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 X. W. C. Faber

Let $\grad$, $\curl$, and $\dv$ be the graph-theoretic analogues of the gradient, curl, and divergence operators from multivariate calculus. The graph Laplacian $-\dv \grad$ gives rise to the celebrated Laplacian matrix, while the matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-14 Lu Lu , Yongtang Shi , Zoran Stanić , Jianfeng Wang , Yi Wang

In the past decades, graphs that are determined by their spectrum have received more attention, since they have been applied to several fields, such as randomized algorithms, combinatorial optimization problems and machine learning. An…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-06-27 Ali Zeydi Abdian , Afshin Behmaram , Gholam Hossein Fath-Tabar

In this article we are introducing combinatorial spectra of graphs, this is a generalization of $H$-Hamiltonian spectra. The main motivation was to made from $H$-Hamiltonian spectra an operation and develop some algebra in this field. An…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-11-21 Martin Dzúrik

A graph $G$ is said to be determined by its generalized spectrum (DGS for short) if for any graph $H$, $H$ and $G$ are cospectral with cospectral complements implies that $H$ is isomorphic to $G$. It turns out that whether a graph $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-22 Wei Wang

A graph is diameter two edge-critical if its diameter is two and the deletion of any edge increases the diameter. Murty and Simon conjectured that the number of edges in a diameter two edge-critical graph on $n$ vertices is at most $\lfloor…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-06-19 Tao Wang

In [Discrete Mathematics 306 (2005) 153-158], So proposed a conjecture saying that integral circulant graphs with different connection sets have different spectra. This conjecture is still open. We prove that this conjecture holds for…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-02-07 Hao Li , Xiaogang Liu

The objective of this note is to provide an interpretation of the discrete version of Morse inequalities, following Witten's approach via supersymmetric quantum mechanics, adapted to finite graphs, as a particular instance of Morse-Witten…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2019-08-14 Ivan Contreras , Boyan Xu

This paper investigates spectral properties of the deformed Laplacian matrix, which merges the Laplacian and signless Laplacian matrices of a graph through a one-parameter family of matrices. We present general results on the eigenvalues of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-04 Roberto C. Díaz , Elismar R. Oliveira , Vilmar Trevisan

For a graph $G$ of order $n$, the spectral sum of $G$ is defined to be the sum $\lambda_1(G) + \lambda_2(G)$, where $\lambda_1(G)$ (resp. $\lambda_2(G)$) is the largest (resp. second largest) adjacency eigenvalue of $G$. Ebrahimi, Mohar,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-05 Hitesh Kumar , Lele Liu , Hermie Monterde , Shivaramakrishna Pragada , Michael Tait

The paper is a brief survey of some recent new results and progress of the Laplacian spectra of graphs and complex networks (in particular, random graph and the small world network). The main contents contain the spectral radius of the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-11-15 Ya-Hong Chen , Rong-Ying Pan , Xiao-Dong Zhang

In this note we correct the proof of Proposition 4 in our paper "The Laplacian Spectrum of Large Graphs Sampled from Graphons" (arXiv:2004.09177) and we improve several results therein. To this end, we prove a new concentration lemma about…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-22 Federica Garin , Paolo Frasca , Renato Vizuete

The main goal of the paper is to characterize new classes of multicone graphs which are determined by both adjacency and Laplacian spectra. A multicone graph is defined to be the join of a clique and a regular graph. A wheel graph obtained…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2018-03-02 Ali Zeydi Abdian

The paper describes an explicit combinatorial formula for a harmonic vector for the Laplacian of a directed graph with arbitrary edge weights. This result was motivated by questions from mathematical economics, and the formula plays a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-09-17 Siddhartha Sahi

Let $M=[m_{ij}]$ be an $n\times m$ real matrix, $\rho$ be a nonzero real number, and $A$ be a symmetric real matrix. We denote by $D(M)$ the $n\times n$ diagonal matrix $diag(\sum_{j=1}^{m}m_{1j},\ldots,\sum_{j=1}^{m}m_{nj})$ and denote by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-09 Asghar Bahmani , Dariush Kiani

This paper surveys some recent results and progress on the extremal prob- lems in a given set consisting of all simple connected graphs with the same graphic degree sequence. In particular, we study and characterize the extremal graphs…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-10-08 Xiao-Dong Zhang

In the branch of mathematics known as graph theory, graphs are considered as a set of points, called vertices, with connections between these points, called edges. The purpose of this paper is to study mappings between two graphs that have…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-03-19 Jeffrey Beyerl , Cameron Sharpe

We prove the well-known Brown-Erd\H{o}s-S\'os Conjecture for hypergraphs of large uniformity in the following form: any dense linear $r$-graph $G$ has $k$ edges spanning at most $(r-2)k+3$ vertices, provided the uniformity $r$ of $G$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-07-30 Peter Keevash , Jason Long

This paper establishes an upper bound on the number of generalized cospectral mates of simple graphs, where the generalized spectrum consists of the spectrum of a graph and its complement. Moving beyond the classical problem of identifying…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-24 Muhammad Raza , Obaid Ullah Ahmad , Mudassir Shabbir , Waseem Abbas