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In this note we prove bounds on the upper and lower probability tails of sums of independent geometric or exponentially distributed random variables. We also prove negative results showing that our established tail bounds are asymptotically…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-02-11 Yaonan Jin , Yingkai Li , Yining Wang , Yuan Zhou

The Chernoff bound is one of the most widely used tools in theoretical computer science. It's rare to find a randomized algorithm that doesn't employ a Chernoff bound in its analysis. The standard proofs of Chernoff bounds are beautiful but…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-10 William Kuszmaul

We obtain decay rates of probabilities of tails of polynomials in several independent random variables with heavy tails and derive stable limit theorems for nonconventional sums of such polynomials

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-26 Yuri Kifer , S. R. S. Varadhan

This is a survey paper that discusses the original bounds of the seminal papers by Chernoff and Hoeffding. Moreover, it includes a variety of derivative bounds in a variety of forms. Complete proofs are provided as needed. The intent is to…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Alexandros V. Gerbessiotis

We construct a new tail bound for the sum of independent random variables for situations in which the expected value of the sum is known and each random variable lies within a specified interval, which may be different for each variable.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-25 Jackson Loper , Jeffrey Regier

Some cubic polynomials over the integers have three distinct real roots with continued fractions that all have the same common tail. We characterize the polynomials for which this happens, and then investigate the situation for other…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-01 Alexandra Hobby , David Hobby

In this article we obtain an improved upper bound for the regularity of binomial edge ideals of trees.

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2018-08-21 A. V. Jayanthan , N. Narayanan , B. V. Raghavendra Rao

Chebyshev's inequality provides an upper bound on the tail probability of a random variable based on its mean and variance. While tight, the inequality has been criticized for only being attained by pathological distributions that abuse the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-10-16 Ernst Roos , Ruud Brekelmans , Wouter van Eekelen , Dick den Hertog , Johan van Leeuwaarden

With the dual variational principle and the saddle point reduction we use the abstract bifurcation theory recently developed by author in previous work to prove many new bifurcation results for solutions of four types of Hamiltonian…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2026-05-22 Guangcun Lu

We define two new families of polynomials that generalize permanents and prove upper and lower bounds on their determinantal complexities comparable to the known bounds for permanents. One of these families is obtained by replacing…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Tristram Bogart , Juan Andrés Valero

We study three classes of combinatorial sums involving central binomial coefficients and harmonic numbers, odd harmonic numbers, and even indexed harmonic numbers, respectively. In each case we use summation by parts to derive recursive…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-05-16 Kunle Adegoke , Robert Frontczak

Exponential tail bounds for sums play an important role in statistics, but the example of the $t$-statistic shows that the exponential tail decay may be lost when population parameters need to be estimated from the data. However, it turns…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Guenther Walther

In this article two methods to distinguish between polynomial and exponential tails are introduced. The methods are mainly based on the properties of the residual coefficient of variation for the exponential and non-exponential…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-12-21 Joan del Castillo , Jalila Daoudi , Richard Lockhart

We give the proof of a tight lower bound on the probability that a binomial random variable exceeds its expected value. The inequality plays an important role in a variety of contexts, including the analysis of relative deviation bounds in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-11-12 Spencer Greenberg , Mehryar Mohri

This is Part II of our work about random tensor inequalities and tail bounds for bivariate random tensor means. After reviewing basic facts about random tensors, we first consider tail bounds with more general connection functions. Then, a…

Probability · Mathematics 2023-05-08 Shih-Yu Chang

We consider the large deviations at the order of the variance for the central value of a family of $L$-functions among the members with bounded discriminant. When there is an upper bound on an integer moment of the central value twisted by…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-07 N. Creighton

We give upper and lower bounds for weighted Chebyshev and residual polynomials on subsets of the real line. As an application, we prove a Szeg\H{o}-type theorem in the setting of Parreau--Widom sets.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-02-18 Jacob S. Christiansen , Barry Simon , Maxim Zinchenko

We provide an index bound for character sums of polynomials over finite fields. This improves the Weil bound for high degree polynomials with small indices, as well as polynomials with large indices that are generated by cyclotomic mappings…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-07-06 Daqing Wan , Qiang Wang

A general formula is presented for any order derivative of Chebyshev polynomials instead of the existing recursive relationship. Hence, the Chebyshev finite difference method is made applicable not only to second order problems but also to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-09-15 Soner Aydinlik , Ahmet Kiris

An explicit upper bound on the tail probabilities for the normalized Rademacher sums is given. This bound, which is best possible in a certain sense, is asymptotically equivalent to the corresponding tail probability of the standard normal…

Probability · Mathematics 2017-01-17 Iosif Pinelis